Quenching as a Heat Transfer Problem

Paschkis, Victor; Stolz, George

doi:10.1007/bf03377821

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We have carried out hundreds of quenching tests with spheres (Hwalek, 1982; Irving and Westwater, 1986;Zinn, 1984) using 5 metals (Cu, Al, Zn, Pb, Bi) of 6 diameters (0.635-10.16 cm), in vessels of 12 diameters (0.76-40.6 cm), with liquid nitrogen, Freon 12, Freon 22, and helium at atmospheric pressure. Boiling and Eggen (1971), Frederking et al (1964), Frederking and Daniels (1966), Grigoryev et al (1982), Hendricks and Baumeister (1970), Shair (1970a, 1970b), Lewis et al (1965), Manson (1966), Marschall and Farrar (1975), Merte and Clark (1964), Orozco and Witte (1984), Paschkis (1956Paschkis ( ,1958, Paschkis and Stolz (1956), Rezakhany and El-Wakil (1984), Nevins (1968,1969), Sankaran and Witte (1985), Schmidt and Witte (1972), Shih and El-Wakil (1981), Stevens and Witte (1971,1973), Stolz et al (159), Toda and Mori (1982), Ungar and Eichhorn (1982), Veres and Florschuetz (1971), Vliet and Leppert (1961), Walford (1969), Witte (1968aWitte ( , 1968b, and Witte et al (1968). Theoretical treatments are reported by 10 others: Ded and Lienhard (1972), Farahat and Nasr (1978), Fodemski and Hall (1982), Frederking and Clark (1962), Gunnerson and Cronenberg (1980),…”

Section: Spheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suggested standard method for obtaining boiling curves by quenching

Westwater¹,

Hwalek²,

Irving³

1986

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

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Boiling curves, representing the heat flux vs. the temperature-difference driving force, can be computed from unsteady-state quenching tests. An inverse conduction calculation is used. For spheres and horizontal flat plates, the geometry and test conditions required to achieve boiling curves, which are equivalent to those obtained by steady-state tests and which are not sensitive to modest changes in geometry, are described. Such curves are useful for the design of commercial heat exchangers. A significant parameter for standardization is the Taylor hydrodynamic wavelength, or alternatively the bubble size at break-off.

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Section: Spheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suggested standard method for obtaining boiling curves by quenching

Westwater¹,

Hwalek²,

Irving³

1986

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

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“…Paschkis and Stolz [2], stated the importance of heat transfer coefficient for regulation of the material hardness with the quenching process. By performing a series of quenching experiments in oil, Stolz, Paschkis et al [1], obtained a complete range of heat transfer coefficient data covering all the regimes of boiling.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quenching of a solid sphere in oil

Crosbie

Banerjee

1974

Wärme- und Stoffübertragung

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Abstract. Transient heat conduction in a solid sphere quenched in oil is studied. Specifically, the influence of radius and thermal conductivity of the sphere (Biot number) on the surface temperature is investigated. The problem is extremely nonlinear because the heat transfer coefficient is a strong function of the surface temperature. In the analysis, the transient heat conduction equation and boundary conditions are transformed into a singular nonlinear Volterra Integral equation of the second kind for the surface temperature. This equation is solved numerically by a modified successive approximation method and a separable kernel approximation. Results for a sphere initially at 1144 K and cooled to 317 K are obtained over a wide range of Biot numbers and are compared with the infinite thermal conductivity approximation. The maximum difference between the infinite thermal conductivity approximation and the exact results is 24 K, 64 K, and 144 K for Blot numbers 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, respectively.

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