Quench collection of nano-aluminium agglomerates from combustion of sandwiches and propellants

Critical size for the particle burn-out of solid carbon and/or boron as the high-energy-density fuel

“…Although sources [2,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] [23] for the deactivation, through the condition for vanishing denominator in Eq. (6). The dotted line passes through the point, reported to be non-ignition [21].…”

“…Even in R&D of technology-sensitive devices, such as air-breathing rockets [4] and high performance solid-propellants [5], little has been made in selecting appropriate size of the high-energy-density fuels. Furthermore, too much credit has been given to nano-sized particles [5,6], without any scientific bases for the ignition and/or burn-out.…”

Computer modelling of nano-aluminium agglomeration during the combustion of composite solid propellants

“…Agglomeration of nano-aluminium during the combustion of propellants containing them has received particular attention in the recent past [6,7]. Considering the nano-size of the parent alu- minium particles in this case, it is reported that the maximum size of agglomerates spans into a few micrometres.…”

“…This paper presents the above algorithm and highlights the savings on computational resources in adopting the new algorithm versus the earlier algorithm. Comparison with a few cases for which experimental data are available [7] is also shown here.…”

“…Considering the nano-size of the parent alu- minium particles in this case, it is reported that the maximum size of agglomerates spans into a few micrometres. This indicates a substantial accumulation of nano-aluminium on the burning surface of the propellant before getting ignited as agglomerates [7]. Yet, the maximum size is still quite small to retain practical interest in reducing the two-phase flow loss to rocket thrust.…”