“…About 60% of vicuñas live in Permanent Territorial Family Groups ( Franklin 1974 , 1976 ) that generally comprise one male, three to four females, and one to two offspring ( Cassini 2009 ). Vicuña families have also been reported to maintain distinct feeding (day) and sleeping (night) territories ( Franklin 1974 ), although other studies suggest that this behavior may not be universal ( Koford 1957 ; Menard 1982 ). While data obtained through visual observations offer critical information about behavior that is impossible to determine using remotely sensed locational information (e.g., definitive evidence about territory defense and thus territoriality), advances in biologging technologies now allow for more fine-scale, continuous, and comprehensive analysis of animal space use ( Kays et al 2015 ; Wilmers et al 2015 ) compared to the limited number of observations possible through visual methods.…”