QuEChERS and HPLC-MS/MS Combination for the Determination of Chloramphenicol in Twenty Two Different Matrices

Abstract

A simple method for the determination of chloramphenicol in 22 matrices was prepared based on the QuEChERS and HPLC-MS/MS combination. Following a hydrolysis step, the homogenized samples were extracted and partitioned after adding sodium chloride with acetonitrile. Chloramphenicol was analysed by HPLC-MS/MS in negative electrospray mode by monitoring the daughter ions m/z: 321→194 and 321→152. The limit of decision (CCα) was calculated at the range of 0.10 μg kg−1 to 0.15 μg kg−1 and detection capability (CCβ) from 0.12 μg kg−1 to 0.18 μg kg−1. Validation results showed that this method is suitable for the determination and confirmation of chloramphenicol in various matrices.

Quantification and Analysis of Trace Levels of Phenicols in Feed by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

“…With this scheme, it was possible to obtain satisfactory retention times for molecules in the negative mode. For the separation of phenicoles, researchers usually use modified C18 or C8 chromatographic columns such as LiChrospher, Symmetry Shield RP18, Zorbax Eclipse Plus, XTerra C18 and Hypersil C18-BD or Kinetex C8 [27,[37][38][39][40]. In this study, three chromatographic columns (Kinetex C18, Zorbax Eclipse C8 and phenyl C6) were investigated, and the best results (peak resolution and signal intensity) were obtained using the Phenomenex phenyl C6 column and mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in Milli-Q water and acetonitrile.…”

“…Various analytical methods have been reported for the determination of TAP and FF in food, such as gas chromatography (GC) [16,17], liquid chromatography (LC) [18][19][20][21], GC-mass spectrometry (MS) [22,23], LC-MS [24], and LC-MS/MS [25][26][27]. Sample preparation is critical to the validity of trace analysis.…”

“…Sample preparation is critical to the validity of trace analysis. Previous investigations have set forth various types of pretreatment methods for fenicols in food before chromatographic determination, including liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [28], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [29] or QuEChERS technique [27]. Conventional methods for extraction of organic analytes from food samples usually consist of a homogenisation step, followed by tedious liquid-liquid extraction procedures with one or more several clean-up steps and purification of the extract to remove co-extractants, before the sample is subjected to chromatographic separation.…”

Metabolomic Profile of Primary Turkey and Rat Hepatocytes and Two Cell Lines after Chloramphenicol Exposure

“…Identification of CAP and CAP-G in medium was performed by comparing the mass spectra from standards with the mass spectra from analyzed samples, but identification of NO-CAP was based on molecular ions and characteristic ions in analyzed samples. A method previously described was employed with some modifications [3]. The culture medium (50 µL) was diluted with 1950 µL of 0.5% isopropanol in 0.1% acetic acid, added to a vial with 50 µL of internal standard solution (CAP-d5), and injected into a chromatography column (Kinetex, C8 75 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 micron particle diameter) (Phenomenex International, Torrance, CA, USA).…”

“…Its use in food-producing animals is banned due to the potentially carcinogenic action of CAP residue and the development of non-dose-related aplastic anemia in humans [1,2]. However, this antibiotic is used illegally in veterinary practice, and its residues are found in food from animals (milk (0.005-0.5 µg/L), honey (0.1-75 µg/kg), eggs (0.9 µg/kg), fish and shrimp (0.01-242 µg/kg), meat (0.004-0.01 µg/kg), turkey breasts (1-8.7 µg/kg), and chicken breasts (range, 0.4-1.2 µg/kg)) [3][4][5] and the environment (sediments (0.196 mg/kg), surface water (112 ng/kg)) [6][7][8][9]. CAP is rapidly absorbed following oral administration and distributed throughout the organs and tissues in animals and humans.…”