Quaternary stratigraphy and optical dating of loess from the east European Plain (Russia)

Little, E C; Lian, Olav B.; Величко, А. А.; Морозова, Т. Д.; Nechaev, V.P.; Dlussky, K.G.; Rutter, Nat

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(01)00151-2

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The stratigraphic sequences attest to enhanced loess deposition during dry and cold stages, and soil formation during warm intervals with surface stabilization and subsequent cryogenic distortion by frost and colluviation during renewed climatic cooling. This general palaeoclimatic pattern is characteristic of much of southern Siberian territory as well as the East European Plain (Volkov & Zykina 1991;Medvedev et al 1990;Velichko et al 1984Velichko et al , 1992Velichko et al , 1999Little 2002;Little et al 2002;Rutter et al 2003).…”

Section: Iskitim Sectionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Chlachula¹,

Kemp

Jessen

et al. 2004

Boreas

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Toms, P. S. 2004 (May): Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region. Boreas, Vol. 33, Two high-resolution loess-palaeosol sections from the Ob Loess Plateau (Iskitim) and the Minusinsk Basin (Kurtak 33) provide new detailed information on the last interglacial climate variations and landscape development in the parkland-steppe zone of southern Siberia. The complete last interglacial sensu lato (130-74 ka BP) records of the two sites, documented by magnetic susceptibility, grain-size, CaCO 3 and organic carbon content as proxy climatic data, and supplemented by thin-section studies, indicate several short warm and very cold intervals correlated with OIS 5e-5a. A strongly continental warm climate culminated around the peak of the last interglacial sensu stricto (OIS 5e) and cooler conditions occurred during the following interstadial stages (OIS 5c and 5a), corresponding to shifts in palaeolandscape development with gradual replacement of parkland-steppe and mixed southern taiga by boreal forest. During stadial stages (OIS 5d and 5b), the palaeolandscape was transformed into a cold arid periglacial tundra-steppe. Evidence for a major cooling in Siberia during OIS 5d, corroborating the palaeolimnological record from Lake Baikal, is provided by deep frost-wedge casts distorting the OIS 5e chernozemic palaeosol, suggesting formation of permafrost shortly after the last interglacial climatic optimum. The pedosedimentary record, reflecting the effects of syndepositional pedogenic processes, attests to a dynamic climate pulsation during the last interglacial stage.

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Section: Iskitim Sectionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Chlachula¹,

Kemp

Jessen

et al. 2004

Boreas

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“…Both the additive-dose with thermal transfer correction (ADTT) method and the regeneration method (e.g., Huntley et al 1993a,b;Huntley & Clague 1996;Lian & Huntley 1999, 2001Lian & Shane 2000;Ollerhead et al 2001;Little et al 2002) were used to evaluate the equivalent dose. An example of the regeneration method is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Optical Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence age estimates of Pleistocene marine terrace and alluvial fan sediments associated with tectonic activity along coastal Otago, New Zealand

Litchfield¹,

Lian

2004

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Six luminescence age estimates have been obtained from raised beach sands and loess, and alluvial fan sediments in the outboard zone of the active Otago reverse fault province, coastal Otago, New Zealand. These age estimates constrain the timing of movement of the Akatore Fault and the Titri Fault System. Five of the samples were dated by optical dating of K-feldspar in the polymineral fine silt fraction; the remaining sample was dated using thermoluminescence (TL) emitted from quartz (fine sand fraction). Raised beach sands from the lowest Pleistocene marine terrace on the upthrown side of the reverse faults (Taieri Beach) yielded ages of 117 ± 13 ka (optical dating, K-feldspar) and 117 ± 12 ka (TL dating, quartz), indicating terrace formation during the peak sea-level highstand of the last interglacial, marine oxygen isotope substage (MISS) 5e (c. 125 ka). The K-feldspar optical age has not been corrected for anomalous fading, but its consistency with the quartz TL age indicates that anomalous fading is insignificant in this sample. Samples from a raised beach sand unit and an underlying loess unit that bracket a marine terrace that has previously been associated with the c. 125 ka sea-level highstand, situated 10 km northeast of the effects of faulting (Warrington), yielded optical age (K-feldspar) estimates of 97 ± 11 and 96 ± 5 ka, respectively. These ages have not been corrected for anomalous fading and therefore the true ages might be slightly older. Two loess units within alluvial fans along the Titri Fault System in the Waihola region yielded optical age estimates of 92 ± 5 and 151 ± 5 ka (both K-feldspar), which bracket the last period of faulting along the Titri Fault System; the latter age result is consistent with geomorphic evidence that suggests fan formation during the glacial period MIS 6 (186-128 ka); this consistency also implies that there was no significant anomalous fading in these samples. Together with published radiocarbon ages, our results imply that no activity has occurred on the Akatore Fault in the period c. 125-3.8 ka and only localised activity (at Moneymore) on the Titri Fault System post-150 ka.

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“…Loessial soils cover approximately 10% of the continents, including North America, Europe, Asia and South America (Rinaldi et al, 2007). The most significant loess formations are found in Argentina (Iriondo, 1997;Zárate, 2003), the Czech Republic (Marschalko et al, 2013), China (Kukla and An, 1989), Russia (Little et al, 2002), Spain (Günster et al, 2001) and the USA (Leighton and Willman, 1950). All these formations are characterised by a macroporous structure with very high void ratio (typically from 0·9 to 1·25), predominantly fine granulometry mainly composed of silt-and clay-size particles and poorly accommodated structure.…”

Section: Main Characteristics Of Loessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geothermal energy in loess

BidarmaghzAsal

Makasis

NarsilioGuillermo

et al. 2016

Environmental Geotechnics

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Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems efficiently heat and cool buildings by using sustainable geothermal energy accessed by way of ground heat exchangers (GHEs). Loess covers vast parts of the world, about 10% of the landmass; therefore, the use of piles or 'micropiles' is extensive in these areas, particularly where the thickness of loessic soils is significant. These deep foundations have the potential to be used as 'energy piles' in GSHP systems, with a minimal additional cost. This paper presents a case study of a representative real building in Córdoba, Argentina, where foundations are also used as GHEs. The thermal properties of local soils were experimentally measured and used in recently developed detailed state-of-the-art finite-element models. Results from the realistic simulations show that the partial substitution of electrical heating and cooling systems with geothermal systems could significantly reduce energy consumption and the size of associated infrastructure, despite the relatively low thermal conductivity of local loess. Moreover, the effects of surface air temperature fluctuations, which are routinely ignored in GHE design, are accounted for in these simulations. This case study shows the potential of GSHP technology in loessic environments and gives incentives to engineers to start considering the technology in their designs and practices.

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Quaternary stratigraphy and optical dating of loess from the east European Plain (Russia)

Cited by 47 publications

References 27 publications

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Luminescence age estimates of Pleistocene marine terrace and alluvial fan sediments associated with tectonic activity along coastal Otago, New Zealand

Geothermal energy in loess

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