Quaternary neotectonic configuration of the southwestern Peloponnese, Greece, based on luminescence ages of marine terraces

Athanassas, Constantin; Fountoulis, I.

doi:10.1007/s12583-013-0334-1

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Extensional faults that trend parallel to the Hellenic arc, such as those discussed in this study, exist offshore and onshore southern Crete (e.g., Sfakia fault and Selia/Assomatos faults, Figure a), Kythira, the Mani Peninsula (Peloponnese), and western Peloponnese (Armijo et al, ; Gaki‐Papanastassiou et al, ; Kassaras et al, ; Kokinou & Kamberis, ; Mascle et al, ; Papanikolaou et al, ; Papoulia et al, ; Papoulia & Makris, ; Tsimi et al, ; Wardell et al, ) and are in many places associated with uplifted marine terraces (e.g., Angelier, ; Athanassas & Fountoulis, ; Gaki‐Papanastassiou et al, ; Kelletat et al, ). The presence of terraces and onshore/offshore extensional faults throughout the rest of the Hellenic Arc leads us to suggest the observed uplift along these coastlines could, in part, also be controlled by upper‐plate faults; there is evidence that terraces along the western Peloponnese are on a length scale associated with upper‐plate extensional faults (Howell et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

et al. 2019

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Preserved sets of marine terraces and palaeoshorelines above subduction zones provide an opportunity to explore the long‐term deformation that occurs as a result of upper‐plate extension. We investigate uplifted palaeoshorelines along the South Central Crete Fault and over its western tip, located above the Hellenic Subduction Zone, in order to derive uplift rates and examine the role that known extensional faults contribute to observed coastal uplift. We have mapped palaeoshorelines and successfully dated four Late‐Quaternary wave‐cut platforms using in situ 36Cl exposure dating. These absolute ages are used to guide a correlation of palaeoshorelines with Quaternary sea level highstands from 76.5 to ~900 ka; the results of which suggest that uplift rates vary along fault strikes but have been constant for up to 600 ka in places. Correlation of palaeoshorelines across the South Central Crete Fault results in a throw‐rate of 0.41 mm/year and, assuming repetition of 1.1‐m slip events, a fault‐specific earthquake recurrence interval of approximately 2,700 years. Elastic‐half‐space modeling implies that coastal uplift is related to offshore upper‐plate extensional faults. These faults may be responsible for perturbing the uplift rate signals in the south central Crete area. Our findings suggest that where uplifted marine terraces are used to make inferences about the mechanisms responsible for uplift throughout the Hellenic Subduction Zone, and other subduction zones worldwide, the impact of upper‐plate extensional faults over multiple seismic cycles should also be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

et al. 2019

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“…The morphological and molecular differentiation found among the analysed populations of Squalius from western Peloponnese probably occurred after their allopatric separation linked to the formation of the hydrological network in the region during the Upper Pliocene-Pleistocene periods [38, 43]. Incipient speciation or occurrence of differentiated lineages during the Pleistocene as a consequence of geographic barriers has been suggested for several taxa [77–79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marine sediments found at several hundred metres elevation in some mountainous areas are evidence of vertical tectonic movements throughout this period [38, 86]. These sedimentary events have contributed to configuration of the main fluvial basins of western Peloponnese, which show a radial pattern commonly found in areas of rapid uplifting [43]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The region has a complex tectonic history and numerous currently active northwestern-southeastern tectonic faults [38–41]. The formation of the hydrological network of the Greek Peloponnese was complex, characterized by Late Miocene-Quaternary compressional structures as well as Pliocene lacustrine-marine and Pleistocene terrestrial-fluvial sedimentary successions leading to the formation of fluvial terraces [38, 42–43]. Such paleogeographic complexity may have promoted ancient contact among freshwater fauna inhabiting the basins of the western Peloponnese, resulting in hybridization events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancient Mitochondrial Capture as Factor Promoting Mitonuclear Discordance in Freshwater Fishes: A Case Study in the Genus Squalius (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Greece

et al. 2016

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Hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting are common confounding factors in phylogeny and speciation resulting in mitonuclear disparity. Mitochondrial introgression, a particular case of hybridization, may, in extreme cases, lead to replacement of the mitochondrial genome of one species with that of another (mitochondrial capture). We investigated mitochondrial introgression involving two species of the cyprinid genus Squalius in the western Peloponnese region of Greece using molecular and morphological data. We found evidence of complete mitochondrial introgression of Squalius keadicus into two populations recognized as Squalius peloponensis from the Miras and Pamissos River basins and a divergence of mitochondrial genomes of S. keadicus from the Evrotas basin from that of the introgressed populations dating from the Pleistocene. Secondary contact among basins is a possible factor in connection of the species and the introgression event. Morphological analyses support the hypothesis of mitochondrial introgression, as S. keadicus was different from the other three populations recognized as S. peloponensis, although significant differences were found among the four populations. Isolation by geographical barriers arose during Pleistocene in the western Peloponnese were the source of the evolution of the two reciprocally monophyletic subclades found in the S. keadicus mitochondrial clade, and the morphological differences found among the four populations. Along with the lack of structure in the nuclear genome in the three populations ascribed to S. peloponensis, this suggests an incipient speciation process occurring in these Squalius species in the western Peloponnese.

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“…; Institute for Geology and Mineral Exploration (IGME), ; Mason et al ., ). The region has experienced substantial vertical crust movement, especially along these deep fault systems, since Tertiary times (Papanikolaou et al ., ; Athanassas & Fountoulis, ). Based on the comparison of relative sea‐level indicators, Vött et al .…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 97%

Tracing tsunami signatures of the ad 551 and ad 1303 tsunamis at the Gulf of Kyparissia (Peloponnese, Greece) using direct push in situ sensing techniques combined with geophysical studies

et al. 2019

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The western Peloponnese was repeatedly hit by major tsunami impacts during historical times as reported by historical accounts and recorded in earthquake and tsunami catalogues. Geological signatures of past tsunami impacts have also been found in many coastal geological archives. During the past years, abundant geomorphological and sedimentary evidence of repeated Holocene tsunami landfall was found between Cape Katakolo and the city of Kyparissia. Moreover, neotectonic studies revealed strong crust uplift along regional faults with amounts of uplift between 13 m and 30 m since the mid‐Holocene. This study focuses on the potential of direct push in situ sensing techniques to detect tsunami sediments along the Gulf of Kyparissia. Direct push measurements were conducted on the landward shores of the Kaiafa Lagoon and the former Mouria Lagoon from which sedimentary and microfaunal evidence for tsunami landfall are already known. Direct push methods helped to decipher in situ high‐resolution stratigraphic records of allochthonous sand sheets that are used to document different kinds of sedimentological and geomorphological characteristics of high‐energy inundation, such as abrupt increases in grain size, integration of muddy rip‐up clasts and fining upward sequences which are representative of different tsunami inundation pulses. These investigations were completed by sediment coring as a base for local calibration of geophysical direct push parameters. Surface‐based electrical resistivity tomography and seismic data with highly resolved vertical direct push datasets and sediment core data were all coupled in order to improve the quality of the geophysical models. Details of this methodological approach, new in palaeotsunami research, are presented and discussed, especially with respect to the question of how the obtained results may help to facilitate tracing tsunami signatures in the sedimentary record and deciphering geomorphological characteristics of past tsunami inundation. Using direct push techniques and based on sedimentary data, sedimentary signatures of two young tsunami impacts that hit the Kaiafa Lagoon were detected. Radiocarbon age control allowed the identification of these tsunami layers as candidates for the ad 551 and ad 1303 earthquake and tsunami events. For these events, there is reliable historical data on major damage on infrastructure in western Greece and on the Peloponnese. At the former Mouria Lagoon, corroborating tsunami traces were found; however, in this case it is difficult to decide whether these signatures were caused by the ad 551 or the ad 1303 event.

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Quaternary neotectonic configuration of the southwestern Peloponnese, Greece, based on luminescence ages of marine terraces

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

Ancient Mitochondrial Capture as Factor Promoting Mitonuclear Discordance in Freshwater Fishes: A Case Study in the Genus Squalius (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Greece

Tracing tsunami signatures of the ad 551 and ad 1303 tsunamis at the Gulf of Kyparissia (Peloponnese, Greece) using direct push in situ sensing techniques combined with geophysical studies

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Quaternary neotectonic configuration of the southwestern Peloponnese, Greece, based on luminescence ages of marine terraces

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With36Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With36Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

Ancient Mitochondrial Capture as Factor Promoting Mitonuclear Discordance in Freshwater Fishes: A Case Study in the Genus Squalius (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Greece

Tracing tsunami signatures of the ad 551 and ad 1303 tsunamis at the Gulf of Kyparissia (Peloponnese, Greece) using direct push in situ sensing techniques combined with geophysical studies

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Product

Resources

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Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating

Temporally Constant Quaternary Uplift Rates and Their Relationship With Extensional Upper‐Plate Faults in South Crete (Greece), Constrained With³⁶Cl Cosmogenic Exposure Dating