Quaternary landscape evolution of patagonia at the Chilean Triple Junction: Climate and tectonic forcings

Tobal, Jonathan; Morabito, Ezequiel García; Terrizzano, Carla; Zech, Roland; Colavitto, Bruno; Struck, Julian; Christl, Marcus; Ghiglione, Matías C.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106960

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These uplift data can be compared with incision rates calculated for the Deseado and Cañadon Caracoles terrace sequences. For the Deseado terraces, Tobal et al (2021) calculated an average rate of incision of 0.135 m ka −1 (Fig. 10) since 1200 ka, within the range of uplift rate calculated by Pedoja et al (2010).…”

Section: Evaluating Drivers Of Terrace Formation and Rapid Incisionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…These data suggest lower average net incision rates compared to the last 800 ka in Figure 10. Plot of age against elevation above the channel for the Cañadon Carcoles terraces with age control, as well as the average rate of incision curves for the Cañadon Caracoles (this study) and Deseado terrace sequences (Tobal et al, 2021). The maximum calculated uplift curve (metres above sea level) is shown for marine terraces at Puerto Deseado (Pedoja et al, 2011).…”

Section: Evaluating Drivers Of Terrace Formation and Rapid Incisionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Despite this, modern studies on Quaternary palaeohydrology and river development are geographically isolated across the region. Tobal et al (2021) investigated the long-term Quaternary terrace sequence of the Atlantic draining Deseado valley (46.3°S, Fig. 1b and c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid terrace incision and Quaternary landscape evolution in central Patagonia

Thorndycraft

2023

J Quaternary Science

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The debate over isostatic uplift versus discharge as drivers of Quaternary river incision is explored here through geospatial analysis of a ~250‐m‐relief terrace sequence from the Río Pinturas (Argentine Patagonia). The geomorphic setting of the Cañadon Caracoles reach allows evaluation of discharge as a driver of terrace incision because advancing ice during Pleistocene glaciations blocked Pacific drainage and routed meltwater from an expanded ~104‐km2 catchment to the Atlantic through the dryland steppe of the study area. Twenty‐two terrace levels, some assigned to previously dated ice margins [Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 32–36, MIS 16, MIS 8 and MIS 2], were identified. Average net incision since 800 ka (~0.34 m ka−1) exceeded regional uplift rates. The MIS 2 terraces, with ante quem and post quem age constraint on the timing of terrace formation, show that terrace incision was episodic and faster still during a transitional warming climate. Glacier recession and proglacial lake formation at ~18 ka led to rapid incision of ~11.7 m ka−1 over a few millennia. River capture and negligible flow from ~15.0 ka caused fan‐dammed lake formation on the valley floor and vertical stability during MIS 1. The Pinturas terraces demonstrate rapid incision can be driven by discharge and sediment dynamics.

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Section: Evaluating Drivers Of Terrace Formation and Rapid Incisionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Evaluating Drivers Of Terrace Formation and Rapid Incisionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Rapid terrace incision and Quaternary landscape evolution in central Patagonia

Thorndycraft

2023

J Quaternary Science

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“…In terms of vertical incision, therefore, we can infer from the time series rapid incision in the order of metres to tens of metres immediately following lake level fall from its 1985 level. For comparison, Tobal et al (2021) calculate an average incision rate for the río Deseado (46-47ᴼ S) outwash terraces of ~0.135 m/ka since 1.2 Ma in response to tectonic and climate forcing.…”

Section: Rates Of Landscape Change In the Laguna Del Viedma Valleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remotely-sensed time series of rapid terrace formation in the Laguna del Viedma valley (Patagonia)

Thorndycraft¹

2021

Preprint

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<p>The Patagonian Andes were subject to a range of geophysical drivers of landscape incision during the Last Glacial Interglacial Transition and Early Holocene, including tectonic and isostatic uplift, and base level fall triggered by rapid lake drainage events. Deciphering the drivers of river system response during this period is complex, and magnitudes and timescales of landscape change are poorly constrained. Herein, a remotely sensed time series of modern lake elevation change and terrace development is investigated for the Laguna del Viedma valley (Argentina) as a modern analogue of Late Quaternary landscape evolution. The aim of the research was to constrain the timing of terrace formation following lake-level fall of the Laguna del Viedma over a ~35 year period from 1985-2019. The objectives were to: 1) use satellite imagery from the period 1985-2019 to document landform, glacier and lake changes in the study area; 2) use remotely sensed imagery to map the landforms of the Laguna del Viedma valley; and 3) analyse terrace elevations using GIS. In total 7 terrace surfaces were distinguished by remotely sensed geomorphological mapping. The highest, and vegetated, T1 terrace surface (+75 m) was likely formed at the end of the last Holocene neoglacial advance. Viedma glacier recession at this time caused the abandonment of an ice-lateral spillway and allowed a subglacial drainage pathway leading to less stable lake level elevations and terrace formation. Whether the abandonment of T1 was associated with the 4 ka or 0.15 ka neoglacial termination constrains ~45 m of incision, at a rate of 0.01-0.33 m/yr, down to the T3 floodplain level by 1985. There then followed ~20 m of incision to the T4 level, which must have occurred by 2006, constraining a minimum rate of incision of 0.95 m/yr. The time series demonstrates rapid terrace formation occurred by vertical incision and lateral erosion, with mass movements contributing to lateral terrace recession. The implications of the data-set are discussed within the context of the Late Quaternary palaeohydrology of Patagonia where lake level falls of 10s to 100s of metres occurred within most large river systems from 42-52 &#8304;S demonstrating that base level falls from lake drainage, and catastrophic floods events, were likely a major driver of landscape change in the region.</p>

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“…Across central Patagonia there is now an improved understanding of the timing and extent of major Quaternary ice limits of the former Patagonia Ice Sheet (Davies et al , 2020). For example, mapping and dating has determined ice limits for the Great Patagonian Glaciation at 1.1 Ma (Hein et al , 2009, 2011; Tobal et al , 2021), the Last Glacial Maximum (Hein et al , 2010; Garcia et al , 2018), the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR) (Sagredo et al , 2018; Davies et al , 2018; Mendelova et al , 2020) and Holocene neoglacials (Nimick et al , 2016; Kaplan et al , 2016; Reynhout et al , 2019; 2020; Sagredo et al , 2021). Rates of glacier recession during the Last Glacial Interglacial Transition (LGIT), defined as 15–11.7 ka (Lowe and Hoek, 2001) can be difficult to constrain in Patagonia as most outlet glaciers terminated in large proglacial lacustrine environments or because mountain glaciers remain inaccessible, both limiting landform reconstructions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid glacier recession at Monte San Lorenzo (Patagonia) in response to abrupt Southern Hemisphere warming 13.0–12.0 ka BP

Martin

Thorndycraft

Davies

et al. 2022

J Quaternary Science

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Mid-latitude Patagonian glaciers are sensitive to changes in the complex coupled ocean-atmospheric climate system of the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we investigate glacier response to a period of rapid climate warming immediately post-dating the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR). We analyse a sequence of 13 ice margins, four of them dated, from an outlet valley of the Monte San Lorenzo ice cap (47.3°S). We constrain glacier recession of 31.7 km over a period of ~1 kyr from 13.2 ± 0.4 to 12.1 ± 0.4 ka. The average rate of recession was 35.2 m a −1 over this 1-kyr period, increasing from 12.75 m a −1 at the start of the record (moraines M1 to M4) to 50 m a −1 from M9 to M12. This recession occurred during a period of rapid warming when the austral westerlies shifted polewards. It is likely that ice extent stabilized during the Holocene, with ice occupying the M13 moraine during repeated Holocene neoglacials, before anthropogenic warming caused recession at a rate of 55.5 m a −1 from 1985 to 2016. We conclude that 20th century rates of recession were higher than those during post-ACR warming, though of a similar order of magnitude.

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Quaternary landscape evolution of patagonia at the Chilean Triple Junction: Climate and tectonic forcings

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

Rapid terrace incision and Quaternary landscape evolution in central Patagonia

Rapid terrace incision and Quaternary landscape evolution in central Patagonia

Remotely-sensed time series of rapid terrace formation in the Laguna del Viedma valley (Patagonia)

Rapid glacier recession at Monte San Lorenzo (Patagonia) in response to abrupt Southern Hemisphere warming 13.0–12.0 ka BP

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