Quaternary Glaciers of New Zealand

Timing of late Holocene paleoearthquakes on the Hurunui segment of the Hope fault: Implications for plate boundary strain release through South Island, New Zealand

“…During late Quaternary cold climate periods, the valley was occupied by glaciers that largely covered the Southern Alps, and that locally terminated down valley of Lake Sumner during the Last Glacial Maximum (Fig. 2) (Powers, 1962;Suggate, 1965;Barrell, 2011). Side valley and hanging valley geomorphology is typical of the upper Hurunui valley, e.g., the valleys of McKenzie and Landslip Streams (Fig.…”

The timing and cause of glacial advances in the southern mid-latitudes during the last glacial cycle based on a synthesis of exposure ages from Patagonia and New Zealand

“…The numbers of exposure ages relating to each system are shown without and with (in brackets) outliers removed. Barrell (2011) and -125 m bathymetric contour to give an impression of the likely drop in sea-level at the time. Glacial valleys or systems used in this study are labelled (A-K; corresponding to names on the right) as well as major oceanic circulations (blue arrows), Southern Westerly Wind direction (brown dashed arrows), and the SubTropical Front (red line).…”

Constraints on the role of tectonic and climate on erosion revealed by two time series analysis of marine cores around New Zealand

“…During glacial periods, glaciers covered a larger surface, equivalent to one third of the present New Zealand surface, and extended on both sides of the Main Divide on relatively comparable surfaces (Barrell, 2011). These glaciers are expected to exert physical erosion, which may explain the higher detrital sedimentation rates during glacial periods.…”

“…Westerlies were stronger and carried a larger amount of Australian aeolian particles (Hesse, 1994). A large ice cap covered almost a third of the present surface of the Southern Island, with a maximum advance between 14 and 16 ka, that started to retreat by 14 ka (Fitzsimons, 1997;Barrell, 2011). Sea level was lower and oceanic sediments were exposed over a relatively large surface on the eastern side.…”

“…As a result, this area provides an ideal natural laboratory to constrain the respective roles of climate and tectonics. Fluctuations in temperature and precipitation led glaciers to come and go over the last glacial and interglacial cycles (Suggate, 1990;Barrell, 2011), while tectonic activity was most likely constant on the 100 ka timescale.…”