Quaternary Ammonium Functionalized Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers as Effective Antimicrobials:  Structure−Activity Studies

Cz, Chen; Nc, Beck-Tan; Dhurjati, Prasad; Tk, van Dyk; Ra, LaRossa; Sl, Cooper

doi:10.1021/bm0055495

Cited by 419 publications

(408 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…secondary structure and broad antibacterial activity. These polymers differ from earlier dendrimeric and cationic antimicrobial polymers (14,17) in that they mimic the essential features of a large class of antimicrobial peptides and proteins. By systematically varying the side chains and possibly also the polymeric backbone it should be possible to fine-tune the antimicrobial selectivity and toxicity of the polymers in a manner analogous to antimicrobial peptides and ␤-oligomers (7, 9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

De novo design of biomimetic antimicrobial polymers

Tew

Liu²,

Chen³

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

442

383

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The design of polymers and oligomers that mimic the complex structures and remarkable biological properties of proteins is an important endeavor with both fundamental and practical implications. Recently, a number of nonnatural peptides with designed sequences have been elaborated to provide biologically active structures; in particular, facially amphiphilic peptides built from ␤-amino acids have been shown to mimic both the structures as well as the biological function of natural antimicrobial peptides such as magainins and cecropins. However, these natural peptides as well as their ␤-peptide analogues are expensive to prepare and difficult to produce on a large scale, limiting their potential use to certain pharmaceutical applications. We therefore have designed a series of facially amphiphilic arylamide polymers that capture the physical and biological properties of this class of antimicrobial peptides, but are easy to prepare from inexpensive monomers. The design process was aided by molecular calculations with density functional theory-computed torsional potentials. This new class of amphiphilic polymers may be applied in situations where inexpensive antimicrobial agents are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

De novo design of biomimetic antimicrobial polymers

Tew

Liu²,

Chen³

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

442

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cooper and co-workers investigated the structure-activity relationships of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers as polymeric antimicrobials. 46 It is noteworthy that the generation of dendrimers, spacer length of the hydrophobic groups and type of counteranions are of great importance in the inhibitory process. Their influences are suggested to be complicated when several factors are considered simultaneously.…”

Section: Topological Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial cationic polymers: from structural design to functional control

Yang

Cai

Huang

et al. 2017

Polym J

207

174

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Antimicrobial cationic polymers mainly contain two functional components: the cationic groups and the hydrophobic groups. The antimicrobial activity is influenced by the type, amount, location and distribution of these two components. This review summarizes the designs and syntheses of antimicrobial cationic polymers by controlling the above two factors. It involves the structural designs from primary to secondary structures, from covalent to noncovalent syntheses and from bulk to surface. Furthermore, it will discuss how to advance structural designs toward functional controls for optimizing the antimicrobial performances and biocompatibility of antimicrobial cationic polymers. It is anticipated that this review will provide some guidelines for developing molecular engineering of antimicrobial cationic polymers with tailor-made structures and functions.

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“…Synthetic polymers have been widely used as biocides in aqueous solutions [16][17][18][19][20] or tethered on surfaces [21][22][23][24][25]. These polymers have cationic, amphiphilic structures, which are designed to disrupt bacterial membranes with concomitant cell death [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and Mechanism of Antimicrobial Peptide-Mimetic Amphiphilic Polymethacrylate Derivatives

et al. 2011

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Cationic amphiphilic polymethacrylate derivatives (PMAs) have shown potential as a novel class of synthetic antimicrobials. A panel of PMAs with varied ratios of hydrophobic and cationic side chains were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action. The PMAs are shown to be active against a panel of pathogenic bacteria, including a drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, compared to the natural antimicrobial peptide magainin which did not display any activity against the same strain. The selected PMAs with 47-63% of methyl groups in the side chains showed minimum inhibitory concentrations of ≤2-31 µg/mL, but cause only minimal harm to human red blood cells. The PMAs also exhibit rapid bactericidal kinetics. Culturing Escherichia coli in the presence of the PMAs did not exhibit any potential to develop resistance against the PMAs. The antibacterial activities of PMAs against E. coli and S. aureus were slightly reduced in the presence of physiological salts. The activity of PMAs showed bactericidal effects against E. coli and S. aureus in both exponential and stationary growth phases. These results demonstrate that PMAs are a new antimicrobial platform with no observed development of resistance in bacteria. In addition, the PMAs permeabilized the E. coli outer membrane at polymer concentrations lower than their MIC values, but they did not show any effect on the bacterial inner membrane. This indicates that mechanisms other than membrane permeabilization may be the primary factors determining their antimicrobial activity.

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Quaternary Ammonium Functionalized Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers as Effective Antimicrobials: Structure−Activity Studies

Cited by 419 publications

References 39 publications

De novo design of biomimetic antimicrobial polymers

De novo design of biomimetic antimicrobial polymers

Antimicrobial cationic polymers: from structural design to functional control

Activity and Mechanism of Antimicrobial Peptide-Mimetic Amphiphilic Polymethacrylate Derivatives

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