Quassinoids: Anticancer and Antimalarial Activities

Houël, Emeline; Stien, Didier; Bourdy, Geneviève; Deharo, Eric

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_161

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…These plants included aerial parts from Centella asiatica, Tagetes patula, Mentha spicata, Oxalis corniculata, Drymaria cordata and Artemisia indica, seeds of Oroxylum indicum, dry shoots of Oryza sativa, and wood of Picrasma quassioides Notably, P. quassioides is not present in any of the previous studies on the ethnobotany of the Tamang people. Its wood contains quassinoids with anticancer and antimalarial activity [51], other than a number of medicinal compounds with anthelmintic, antiamoebal, antiviral, bitter, hypotensive, and stomachic properties [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

Ambu

Chaudhary

Mariotti

et al. 2020

Plants

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In rural areas of Nepal, where it is difficult to get access to Government health care facilities, people depend on medicinal plants and local healers for health problems. This study concerns an ethnobotanical survey of the Kavrepalanchok District, reporting some unusual uses of medicinal plants and original recipes. A total of 32 informants were interviewed, 24 of them being key informants. Ethnobotanical uses concerned 116 taxa, of which 101 were medicinal plants, with the most representative species belonging to Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Zingiberaceae. Ethnobotanical indexes were used to evaluate the ethnopharmacological importance of each plant species and the degree of agreement among the informants’ knowledge. Informant consensus factor (Fic) showed that the fever category had the greatest agreement. Highest fidelity level (FL) values were found for Calotropis gigantea used for dermatological diseases, Drymaria cordata for fever, Mangifera indica and Wrightia arborea for gastrointestinal disorders. Data document the richness of the local flora and the traditional knowledge on medicinal plant species used by ethnic communities in rural areas. The active involvement of local populations in the conservation and management of medicinal plant species will encourage future projects for the sustainable development of the biological and cultural diversity of these rural areas of Nepal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

Ambu

Chaudhary

Mariotti

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Different parts of this plant contain a variety of active compounds, and the corresponding extracts were reported for anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimalarial activities. 17 , 18 To confirm these traditional usages, extracts of these plants were tested against 1210 lymphoid leukemia, solid murine tumors, lung carcinoma cells, and B-16 melanocarcinoma, which showed the potent cytotoxic effects against these cancer cells. 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The apoptotic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> fruit extract against HT29 cells associated with p53 upregulation and inhibition of NF-κB translocation

Bagheri

Hajiaghaalipour

Nyamathulla

et al. 2018

DDDT

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BackgroundBrucea javanica (L.) Merr. is a plant from the genus Brucea, which is used in local traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Recent studies revealed an impressive anticancer efficiency of B. javanica extract in different types of cancer cells.PurposeIn this study, we have investigated the cytotoxic effects of the B. javanica hexane, ethanolic extracts against colon cancer cells. HT29 colon cells were selected as an in vitro cancer model to evaluate the anticancer activity of B. javanica ethanolic extract (BJEE) and the possible mechanisms of action that induced apoptosis.Methods3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase, acridine orange/propidium iodide, and annexin-V-fluorescein isothiocyanate assays were performed to determine the antiproliferative and apoptosis validation of BJEE on cancer cells. Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, caspase activities, nucleus factor-κB activity, and gene expression experiments was done to investigate the potential mechanisms of action in the apoptotic process.ResultsThe results obtained from this study illustrated the significant antiproliferative effect of BJEE on colorectal cancer cells, with a concentration value that inhibits 50% of the cell growth of 25±3.1 µg/mL after 72 h of treatment. MTT assay demonstrated that the BJEE is selectively toxic to cancer cells, and BJEE induced cell apoptosis via activation of caspase-8 along with modulation of apoptosis-related proteins such as Fas, CD40, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligands, and tumor necrosis factor receptors, which confirmed the contribution of extrinsic pathway. Meanwhile, increased ROS production in treated cells subsequently activated caspase-9 production, which triggered the intrinsic pathways. In addition, overexpression of cytochrome-c, Bax, and Bad proteins along with suppression of Bcl-2 illustrated that mitochondrial-dependent pathway also contributed to BJEE-induced cell death. Consistent with the findings from this study, BJEE-induced cancer cell death proceeds via extrinsic and intrinsic mitochondrial-dependent and -independent events.ConclusionFrom the evidence obtained from this study, it is concluded that the BJEE is a promising natural extract to combat colorectal cancer cells (HT29 cells) via induction of apoptosis through activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.

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“…Quassinoids are a group of diterpenoids found in plants of the family of Simaroubaceae which possess bioactivities such as anti-tumor [ 1 , 2 ], anti-tuberculosis [ 3 ], anti-malarial [ 4 , 5 ], anti-ulcer [ 6 , 7 ], insect growth regulating [ 8 ], anti-HIV [ 9 ] and anti-inflammatory [ 10 , 11 ]. Their anti-cancer activity was extensively discussed in previous reviews [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities of a Standardized Quassinoids Composition from Eurycoma longifolia on LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cells

et al. 2015

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Quassinoids are a group of diterpenoids found in plants from the Simaroubaceae family. They are also the major bioactive compounds found in Eurycoma longifolia which is commonly used as traditional medicine in South East Asia to treat various ailments including sexual dysfunction and infertility. These uses are attributed to its ability to improve testosterone level in men. Chronic consumption of E. longifolia extracts has been reported to increase testosterone level in men and animal model but its effect on prostate growth remains unknown. Therefore, the present study investigates the effects of a standardized total quassinoids composition (SQ40) containing 40% of the total quassinoids found in E. longifolia on LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line. SQ40 inhibited LNCaP cell growth at IC50 value of 5.97 μg/mL while the IC50 on RWPE-1 human prostate normal cells was 59.26 μg/mL. SQ40 also inhibited 5α-dihydrotestosterone-stimulated growth in LNCaP cells dose-dependently. The inhibitory effect of SQ40 in anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells was also demonstrated using soft agar assay. SQ40 suppressed LNCaP cell growth via G0/G1 phase arrest which was accompanied by the down-regulation of CDK4, CDK2, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin D3 and up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 protein levels. SQ40 at higher concentrations or longer treatment duration can cause G2M growth arrest leading to apoptotic cell death as demonstrated by the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in LNCaP cells. Moreover, SQ40 also inhibited androgen receptor translocation to nucleus which is important for the transactivation of its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and resulted in a significant reduction of PSA secretion after the treatment. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of 5 and 10 mg/kg of SQ40 also significantly suppressed the LNCaP tumor growth on mouse xenograft model. Results from the present study suggest that the standardized total quassinoids composition from E. longifolia promotes anti-prostate cancer activities in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.

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Quassinoids: Anticancer and Antimalarial Activities

Cited by 20 publications

References 90 publications

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

The apoptotic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> fruit extract against HT29 cells associated with p53 upregulation and inhibition of NF-κB translocation

The In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities of a Standardized Quassinoids Composition from Eurycoma longifolia on LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cells

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Quassinoids: Anticancer and Antimalarial Activities

Cited by 20 publications

References 90 publications

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

The apoptotic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> fruit extract against HT29 cells associated with p53 upregulation and inhibition of NF-&kappa;B translocation

The In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities of a Standardized Quassinoids Composition from Eurycoma longifolia on LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cells

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The apoptotic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> fruit extract against HT29 cells associated with p53 upregulation and inhibition of NF-κB translocation