Quasi-stationary UI-characteristic model of a PEM fuel cell–Evaluating the option of self-humidifying operation

Wallnöfer-Ogris, Eva; Pertl, Patrick; Trattner, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.08.254

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is no external humidification of the cathode gas. A detailed analysis of the effect of cathode gas humidification on the PEM fuel cell behavior is shown in [24]. The study describes that fuel cell systems without external reactant humidification have the advantages of lower complexity, better cold-start behavior, and lower packaging space requirements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study describes that fuel cell systems without external reactant humidification have the advantages of lower complexity, better cold-start behavior, and lower packaging space requirements. On the other hand, the operating temperature is lower than in externally humidified systems since drying out the membrane has to be avoided [24]. The range of operating parameters of the system is listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of NO on a PEM Fuel Cell System and Voltage Recovery Strategies

Reithuber

Poimer²,

Brandstätter³

et al. 2023

Energies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Air contaminants can have detrimental effects on the performance and durability of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell vehicles. This research focuses on the experimental investigation of the effect of nitrogen monoxide (NO) in the cathode gas stream, which provokes a cell voltage decrease due to the partially reversible adsorption of NO on the platinum catalyst. The concentration and exposure time of NO in the cathode gas stream are varied at selected constant current densities and load ramps to assess the effects throughout the fuel cell system operating range. The results show the cell voltage loss in the presence of NO and reveal a near-catalyst saturation with increased injected NO mass. Additionally, several voltage recovery and mitigation strategies are introduced and discussed by presenting conclusions about the general effect of NO on a fuel cell system in operation. The most promising recovery strategy for fuel cell systems is identified, and the overall system degradation is discussed. All experiments are performed in a test bed environment on a 25 kW low-temperature fuel cell system via controlled injection of NO into the cathode gas stream.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of NO on a PEM Fuel Cell System and Voltage Recovery Strategies

Reithuber

Poimer²,

Brandstätter³

et al. 2023

Energies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 6e shows the water con- The water transported across the membrane by electro-osmotic drag and back diffusion saturates the membrane [33,45], which can be effectively improved by the ultra-thin membrane, resulting in FC performance insensitive to the change of RHa under most OCs. When the voltage difference of the stack varies by less than 3% at all current densities between low/no and high humidification conditions [32,46], the self-humidification is considered to be successful. Consequently, due to anode insensitivity to the change of RHa and the measured data shown in Figure 5, it is concluded that the anode can effectively achieve self-humidification, and the anode external humidifier can be removed for the PEMFC with crossed channels and an ultra-thin membrane.…”

Section: Effects Of Pressure On Self-humidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Self-Humidification in PEMFC with Crossed Flow Channels and an Ultra-Thin Membrane

Wang,

Chen,

Xiang

et al. 2023

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, a 3D model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with crossed channels and an ultra-thin membrane is developed to investigate the feasibility of self-humidification; experiments utilizing a PEMFC stack with identical configurations are conducted to validate the simulation results and further investigate the effects of various operating conditions (OCs) on self-humidification. The results indicate that the crossed flow channel leads to enhanced uniformity of water distribution, resulting in improved cell performance under low/no humidification conditions. External humidifiers for the anode can be removed since the performance difference is negligible (≤3%) between RHa = 0% and 100%. Self-humidification can be achieved in the stack at 90 °C or below with an appropriate back pressure among 100–200 kPa. As the current density increases, there is a gradual convergence and crossing of the voltage at low RH with that at high RH, and the crossover points are observed at 60–80 °C with suitable pressure when successful self-humidification is achieved. Below the current density of the point, the stack’s performance is inferior at lower RH due to membrane unsaturation, and conversely, the performance is inferior at higher RH due to flooding; this current density decreases with higher pressure and lower temperature.

show abstract

“…In contrast, the latter brings aggressive peroxide species, which can severely damage the membrane integrity and consequently decrease the whole FC performance. [8] To overcome these issues, platinum group metals (PGMs) are widely employed in FC cathodes. [9,10] However, this practice soars the fuel cell stack cost making FCs less competitive than fossil fuel-based technology in the energy production market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former is the most desired route since it leads to water or OH − as a final output depending on the pH. In contrast, the latter brings aggressive peroxide species, which can severely damage the membrane integrity and consequently decrease the whole FC performance [8] . To overcome these issues, platinum group metals (PGMs) are widely employed in FC cathodes [9,10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming Cigarette Wastes into Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst: Does Each Component Behave Differently? An Experimental Evaluation

Zuccante,

Muhyuddin,

Ficca

et al. 2024

ChemElectroChem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Trillion of cigarette butts are annually littered without being recycled. This work aims at valorizing the whole cigarette butts and their components (paper, filter and tobacco) into Fe‐Nx‐C electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid and alkaline media. The pristine wastes were pyrolyzed at 450 °C, activated with KOH at 700 °C, blended with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) precursor, and heat‐treated at 600 °C to produce a robust Fe‐Nx‐C material with ORR active units. The effect of the cigarette components on the final electrocatalytic activity was evaluated by thoroughly investigating the surface chemistry with XPS. The electrocatalysts displayed similar results among the different components in both media due to comparable surface chemistry, especially concerning the nitrogen functional groups. The highest performance was obtained in alkaline where the electrocatalysts from whole cigarettes and paper (CIGF_450 and CIGPF_450) showed an E1/2 of 0.89 V vs RHE, slightly larger than that of Pt/C with 40 wt % of Pt, which encouraged to replace Pt‐based electrocatalysts in alkaline fuel cells.

show abstract

Quasi-stationary UI-characteristic model of a PEM fuel cell–Evaluating the option of self-humidifying operation

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of NO on a PEM Fuel Cell System and Voltage Recovery Strategies

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of NO on a PEM Fuel Cell System and Voltage Recovery Strategies

Study on Self-Humidification in PEMFC with Crossed Flow Channels and an Ultra-Thin Membrane

Transforming Cigarette Wastes into Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst: Does Each Component Behave Differently? An Experimental Evaluation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About