Quasi-Static and Fatigue Reliability of Glass/Epoxy Composite Automotive Leaf Spring Beams Under Flexural Loads at Sub-Zero Temperatures

Bhanage, Amol; Padmanabhan, K. A.

doi:10.1007/s11668-022-01566-8

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It can be difficult to comprehend the damage sequence since impact tests are usually quick processes. Some researchers opted for the quasi-static perforation approach as an option to address these issues [11][12][13]. This method is less complicated than low-velocity impact (LVI) since it does not have oscillations and requires a lower rate of data collecting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of quasi-static indentation response of PVC foam sandwich and GFRP laminated composites

Zniker,

Feddal,

El Kouifat

et al. 2024

IRASE

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Composite materials are vulnerable to impacts that may occur during their use. Such transverse loads represent a significant threat to these materials because they can cause damage that is difficult to detect. Thus, understanding the mechanical behavior of composite materials during impacts is crucial for improving their damage resistance. Therefore, this study investigates the response of two commonly used composite panels in maritime transportation—a PVC core sandwich composite and a laminated GFRP composite—under quasi-static indentation (QSI). Using numerical simulations with Abaqus/Explicit, this investigation aims to anticipate mechanical characteristics and damage patterns during low-velocity impact. Results show a strong correlation between numerical and experimental data. The force-displacement curves aid in understanding damage sequences, with predicted maximum loads at 1.43% and 6.45% accuracy for laminated and sandwich composites. Both exhibit significant damage, including permanent indentation, matrix cracks, fiber fractures, and prevalent delamination around the impact point.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of quasi-static indentation response of PVC foam sandwich and GFRP laminated composites

Zniker,

Feddal,

El Kouifat

et al. 2024

IRASE

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“…This study aims to find out if composite materials, such as E-Glass/Epoxy, Graphite/Epoxy, Boron/Aluminum, Carbon/Epoxy, and Kevlar/Epoxy, are suitable for use in light commercial vehicle leaf springs [14]. In passenger cars, steel leaf springs are being replaced with glass/epoxy composite leaf springs [15]. Automobile manufacturers have placed decreasing weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Vibration in Hybrid Composite Leaf Spring

Jadhav,

Landage,

Patil

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Vibration-related failures more frequently occur than material failures, analysis is crucial to the design of composite leaf springs. It must also have an outstanding fatigue life and be lightweight. To minimize vertical vibrations, hits, and bumps caused by irregular roads and to ensure a comfortable ride, springs are essential suspension components in automobiles. Hence, the material with the highest strength and lowest longitudinal elastic modulus is ideal for use in leaf springs. In the automotive business nowadays, composite materials primarily replace metal elements. Consequently, it is important to use a hybrid composite leaf spring that evenly distributes graphite, carbon, and glass fibers throughout the resin matrix and has a lower spring rate. Hybrid composite materials offer many advantages over conventional composite materials because they use glass and carbon fibers instead of them. These advantages include maximum strength, minimum longitudinal modulus of elasticity, reduced weight as well as vibration, better packaging, enhanced durability, cost savings, fatigue life, and strain energy capacity. The first use of modal analysis is to determine Eigen-vectors, or mode shapes, and Eigen-values, or natural frequencies. Moreover, random vibration analysis is used to distinguish between smooth and rough vibrations, and harmonic analysis is used to determine the response’s amplitude.

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“…The transverse leaf spring, a single-leaf spring, boasts a simple structure with excellent damping and anti-body roll performance. 1 Longitudinal leaf springs can be categorized based on quantity, with options including fewer-leaf 2,3 and multi-leaf springs. 4 In vehicle design, suspension modeling is one of the most important works in vehicle dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and simulation of the equivalent vertical stiffness of leaf spring suspensions

Zhang,

Long,

Lin

et al. 2023

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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In vehicle multi-body dynamics (MBD) modeling, the stiffness parameterization of leaf spring (LS) is an unavoidable challenge regardless of the selection of modeling methods. On the contrary, the parameterization of Coil Spring (CS) stiffness is easy to achieve by adjusting the scale factor. Therefore, a novel LS stiffness parameterization method by treating the suspension stiffness as an intermediate variable through a CS stiffness is proposed based on the virtual displacement theory. The proposed method is then implemented in the vehicle-level modeling of a commercial Van with front transverse leaf spring suspensions and rear longitudinal parabolic leaf spring suspensions. The MBD model is validated by natural frequency tests and suspension stiffness simulations. Furthermore, the vertical acceleration of the car body is also verified. Results show that the root mean square (RMS) values of body vertical acceleration in the equivalent CS model are just slightly lower than that in the LS suspensions. The applicability and capability of the proposed method are proven to address the limitation of LS stiffness parameterization in MBD modeling. It lays the groundwork for efficiently simulating the LS suspension in vehicle ride and handling design and optimization.

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Quasi-Static and Fatigue Reliability of Glass/Epoxy Composite Automotive Leaf Spring Beams Under Flexural Loads at Sub-Zero Temperatures

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Numerical and experimental investigation of quasi-static indentation response of PVC foam sandwich and GFRP laminated composites

Numerical and experimental investigation of quasi-static indentation response of PVC foam sandwich and GFRP laminated composites

Analysis of Vibration in Hybrid Composite Leaf Spring

Modeling and simulation of the equivalent vertical stiffness of leaf spring suspensions

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