Quasi solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on P(VDF-co-CTFE) graft copolymer electrolytes

P (VDF‐co‐CTFE)‐g‐P2VP amphiphilic graft copolymers: Synthesis, structure, and permeation properties

“…This result indicates that both PVDF‐ co ‐CTFE and PVDF‐ co ‐CTFE‐ g ‐P2VP have a specific crystalline structure when NMP is used. These crystalline peaks can be attributed to the pseudohexagonal packing of helical chains with varying degrees of lateral and chain axis disorder . Moreover, the peak at 38.84°, which is observed only in those membranes containing PVDF‐ co ‐CTFE‐ g ‐P2VP copolymers, is assigned to the (002) reflections of the α‐phase crystal plane .…”

“…These crystalline peaks can be attributed to the pseudohexagonal packing of helical chains with varying degrees of lateral and chain axis disorder. 49 Moreover, the peak at 38.84°, which is observed only in those membranes containing PVDF-co-CTFE-g-P2VP copolymers, is assigned to the (002) reflections of the α-phase crystal plane. 50 The d-spacing of the polymers was calculated using the Bragg tively.…”

A Novel Solid State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Containing PMMA/PVDF- Type Blended Polymer Electrolyte

“…Poly (methyl methacrylate), PMMA of average molecular weight 9x10 5 (Aldrich) and poly (vinylidene fluoride), PVDF of molecular weight 275, 000 (Aldrich) were used as starting materials for the synthesis of blended polymer samples by solution casting method. The polyblend electrolyte samples were prepared by mixing 0.1 g of PMMA, 0.2 g of PVDF, 0.03 g of KI and 0.006 g of I 2 in 20 mL of the solvent namely dimethyl formamide (DMF) and the solution was stirred at 353 K for 2 h. In addition to that, different concentrations of phenothiazine (PTZ) were added into the mixture and the solution was stirred at 353 K for another 2 h until homogeneous solutions were obtained and the same were subsequently cast onto glass petri dishes and left to evaporate slowly under vacuum at 333 K for 1 day.…”

“…However, those challenges in DSSCs, such as improving the material durability and prolonging cell lifetime, need to be resolved prior to commercialization by replacing liquid RESEARCH ARTICLE electrolytes by solid polymer electrolytes. Among numerous candidate polymer matrices, the most investigated include PEO 4 , PVDF-co-CTFE 5 and PMMA 6 . Today, polymer blending is a versatile and widely used method for optimizing the cost-performance balance and increasing the range of potential applications, especially for fluoropolymers such as PVDF which is often blended with amorphous polymers, among which poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been the most studied compatible polymer owing to its low cost, optical properties, performance advantages and its nature of miscibility with other polymers in the melting state.…”