Quasi-Resonant Zero-Current-Switching Bidirectional Converter for Battery Equalization Applications

Lee, Yuang-Shung; Cheng, Guo-Tian

doi:10.1109/tpel.2006.880349

Cited by 356 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Table 3 shows the comparison of the proposed topology and existing topologies in terms of a number of required components within the case of n cells connected in series. A buck-boost converter-based balancing topology [12,14,[36][37][38] or switched capacitor converter-based balancing topology [11,15,22,26,27,30] can be constructed with a reasonable number of components. However, the energy transfer of these topologies is limited between two adjacent cells (i.e., cell to cell balancing) when a large number of cells in SCBS increases (i.e., approximately 80 or more cells) resulting in relatively slow balancing speed and low balancing efficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Modular Cell Balancer Based on Multi-Winding Transformer and Switched-Capacitor Circuits for a Series-Connected Battery String in Electric Vehicles

Bui

Kim

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:In this paper, a cell balancing topology for a series-connected Lithium-Ion battery string (SCBS) in electric vehicles is proposed and experimentally verified. In particular, this balancing topology based on the modular balancer consists of an intra-module balancer based on a multi-winding transformer circuit and an outer-module balancer based on a switched capacitor converter, both offering the potential advantages and over conventional balancing methods, including short equalization time, simple control scheme, elimination of voltage sensors. In addition, a number of cells in the SCBS can be easily extended in this circuit. Furthermore, a system structure and an operating principle of the proposed topology are analyzed and experimentally verified for three different cases. The voltages of all cells in the SCBS reached the balanced state regardless of the various arrangement of the initial voltage, where the energy efficiency of the circuit reached 83.31%. Our experimental realization of the proposed balancing topology shows that such a technique could be employed in electric vehicles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basic SCC [22] 2n -n − 1 --Double-Tiered SCC [26] 2n -2n − 3 --Single SCC [30] n + 5 -1 --Quasi-Resonant SCC [38] 2n -n − 1 n − 1 -Buck-boost Converter Basis topology [12] 2(n − 1) --n − 1 -Cuk converter [36] 2(n − 1) -n − 1 2(n − 1) -…”

Section: Switched Capacitor Converterunclassified

A Modular Cell Balancer Based on Multi-Winding Transformer and Switched-Capacitor Circuits for a Series-Connected Battery String in Electric Vehicles

Bui

Kim

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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“…9(a) that three SOC references are re-calculated during the cell balancing by the average SOC method whenever any of SOCs of cells reaches to the reference. Correspondingly, all SOCs become almost same at around 600 s. In contrast, for the proposed active cell balancing method, the SOC optimal ref is initially determined by (6), and it is kept as the same initial value until all SOCs become almost same within around 500 s.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the cell voltage imbalance within a series string can occur by the difference of cell internal resistances, imbalanced state-of-charge (SOC) between cells, degradation of each cell, and temperature gradients of battery pack, etc [1,[4][5][6]. In particular, its repeated charging and discharging operation aggravates the cell voltage imbalance, and this finally can cause to decrease in the total storage capacity and battery lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal SOC Reference Based Active Cell Balancing on a Common Energy Bus of Battery

Bae

Park²,

Lee

2017

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-This paper presents a study on the state-of-charge (SOC) reference based active cell balancing in real-time. The optimal references of SOC are determined by using the proposed active cell balancing system with the bidirectional DC/DC converters via the dual active bridge (DAB) type. Then, the energies between cells can be balanced by the power flow control of DAB based bidirectional DC/DC converters. That is, it provides the effective management of battery by transferring energy from the strong cell to the weak one until the cell voltages are equalized to the same level and therefore improving the additional charging capacity of battery. In particular, the cell aging of battery and power loss caused from energy transfer are considered. The performances of proposed active cell balancing system are evaluated by an electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) simulation. Then, the experimental prototype is implemented in hardware to verify the usefulness of proposed system.

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“…According to the circuit duality principle, we can exert the discrete current pulse sequence with positive and negative polarity on the capacitor to construct a voltage tracking converter topology, and the capacitor voltage can track the change of the given reference signal. As a result, how to obtain a controllable discrete current pulse sequence with polarity and width becomes the key issue [15].…”

Section: Voltage Tracking Ct-zcs Inverter Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Design of a New Topology of Soft-Switching Inverters

Chen¹,

Zhang²

2013

Journal of Power Electronics

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This paper proposes the power conversion mechanism of a bailer-charge-transfer zero-current-switching (CT-ZCS) circuit. The operation modes are analyzed and researched using state trajectory equations. The topology of CT-ZCS based on soft-switching inverters offers some merits such as: tracking the input reference signal dynamically, bearing load shock and short circuit, multiplying inverter N+1 redundancy parallel, coordinating power balance for easy control, and soft-switching commutation for high efficiency and large capacity. These advantages are distinctive from conventional inverter topologies and are especially demanded in AC drives: new energy generation and grid, distributed generation systems, switching power amplifier, active power filter, and reactive power compensation and so on. Prototype is manufactured and experiment results show the feasibility and dynamic voltage-tracking characteristics of the topology.

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Quasi-Resonant Zero-Current-Switching Bidirectional Converter for Battery Equalization Applications

Cited by 356 publications

References 16 publications

A Modular Cell Balancer Based on Multi-Winding Transformer and Switched-Capacitor Circuits for a Series-Connected Battery String in Electric Vehicles

A Modular Cell Balancer Based on Multi-Winding Transformer and Switched-Capacitor Circuits for a Series-Connected Battery String in Electric Vehicles

Optimal SOC Reference Based Active Cell Balancing on a Common Energy Bus of Battery

Analysis and Design of a New Topology of Soft-Switching Inverters

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