Quartz Tuning Fork Viscometers for Helium Liquids

Clubb, D. O.; Buu, O.; Bowley, R. M.; Nyman, Robert A.; Owers‐Bradley, J. R.

doi:10.1023/b:jolt.0000035368.63197.16

Cited by 91 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In recent years they have been used in quantum fluids research to study many different properties such as viscosity [7,8], turbulence [9,10], cavitation [11], Andreev scattering [12,13], and acoustic modes [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a Mechanical Oscillator in Solid 4He

et al. 2013

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We present the first measurements of the response of a mechanical oscillator in solid 4 He. We use a lithium niobate tuning fork operating in its fundamental resonance mode at a frequency of around 30 kHz. Measurements in solid 4 He were performed close to the melting pressure. The tuning fork resonance shows substantial frequency shifts on cooling from around 1.5 K to below 10 mK. The response shows an abrupt change at the bcc-hcp transition. At low temperatures, below around 100 mK, the resonance splits into several overlapping resonances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a Mechanical Oscillator in Solid 4He

et al. 2013

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“…It is mentioned for the first time in [34]. Lately, it was found that it might be of considerable importance when dealing with the quartz tuning forks and can be even used to measure various physical quantities such as speed of sound in 3 He 4 He mixtures [35].…”

Section: Acoustic Properties Of Tuning Forksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of the quartz tuning fork in classical and superfluid hydrodynamics

Schmoranzer

Mantia

Skrbek

2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Quartz tuning forks were relatively recently introduced for probing quantum liquids [1] and were quickly adopted for low temperature thermometry [2][3][4], the generation and detection of quantum turbulence [5][6][7][8] and studies of acoustic emission [9][10][11] and cavitation [12]. The popularity of quartz tuning forks is driven by their availability, high quality factor and ease of use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of tuning forks studied so far in quantum fluids research have been common off-the-shelf electronic components and depending on the manufacturer had different physical dimensions, length, width and thickness, even though the resonance frequencies are the same. Previously, to investigate the frequency dependence of acoustic emission and the critical velocity for the generation of turbulence in superfluid 4 He [7,10], we had manufactured custom-designed tuning forks on a 75-micron quartz wafer 1 and used the length of the forks to control resonance frequencies. Here we present the temperature dependence of damping experienced by two forks manufactured on a 25 µm thick wafer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Liquid $$^4$$ 4 He with Quartz Tuning Forks Using a Novel Multifrequency Lock-in Technique

et al. 2016

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We report on a novel technique to measure quartz tuning forks, and possibly other vibrating objects, in a quantum fluid using a multifrequency lock-in amplifier. The multifrequency technique allows to measure the resonance curve of a vibrating object much faster than a conventional single frequency lock-in amplifier technique. Forks with resonance frequencies of 12 kHz and 16 kHz were excited and measured electro-mechanically either at a single frequency or at up to 40 different frequencies simultaneously around the same mechanical mode. The response of each fork was identical for both methods and validates the use of the multifrequency lock-in technique to probe properties of liquid helium at low fork velocities. Using both methods we measured the resonance frequency and drag of two 25-µm-wide quartz tuning forks immersed in liquid 4 He in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 1.5 K at saturated vapour pressure. The damping and shift of resonance frequency experienced by both tuning forks at low velocities are well described by hydrodynamic contributions in the framework of the two-fluid model. The sensitivity of the 25-µm-wide tuning forks is larger compared to similar 75-µm-wide forks and in combination with the faster multifrequency lock-in technique could be used to improve thermometry in liquid 4 He. The multifrequency technique could also be used for studies of the onset of non-linear phenomena such as quantum turbulence and cavitation in superfluids.Keywords Superfluid 4 He · Hydrodynamic damping · Quartz tuning fork · Multifrequency lock-in amplifier B V. Tsepelin

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Quartz Tuning Fork Viscometers for Helium Liquids

Cited by 91 publications

References 8 publications

Response of a Mechanical Oscillator in Solid 4He

Response of a Mechanical Oscillator in Solid 4He

Applications of the quartz tuning fork in classical and superfluid hydrodynamics

Probing Liquid $$^4$$ 4 He with Quartz Tuning Forks Using a Novel Multifrequency Lock-in Technique

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