Quartz tuning fork based sensor for detection of volatile organic compounds: towards breath analysis

Sampson, Abraham; Panchal, Suresh; Phadke, Apoorva; Kashyap, Arti; Suman, Jilma; Gopinathan, Unnikrishnan; Datar, Suwarna

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/aabbd2

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Quartz tuning fork (QTF)-based sensors were also used for the detection of 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3- butanediol, cyclohexanone, acetone, ethanol, and methanol in exhaled air [ 123 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Biomonitoring of Environmental and Occupational Exposures by GC-MS and Gas Sensor Systems: A Systematic Review

Longo

Forleo

Giampetruzzi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Environmental chemicals and contaminants coming from multiple external sources enter the human body, determining a potential risk for human health. Human biomonitoring (HBM), measuring the concentrations of biomarkers in human specimens, has become an emerging approach for assessing population-wide exposure to hazardous chemicals and health risk through large-scale studies in many countries. However, systematic mapping of HBM studies, including their characteristics, targeted hazardous pollutants, analytical techniques, and sample population (general population and occupationally exposed workers), has not been done so far. We conducted a systematic review of the literature related to airborne hazardous pollutants in biofluids to answer the following questions: Which main chemicals have been included in the literature, which bodily fluids have been used, and what are the main findings? Following PRISMA protocol, we summarized the publications published up to 4 February 2021 of studies based on two methods: gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and electronic noses (e-noses). We screened 2606 records and 117 publications were included in the analysis, the most based on GC/MS analysis. The selected HBM studies include measurements of biomarkers in different bodily fluids, such as blood, urine, breast milk, and human semen as well as exhaled air. The papers cover numerous airborne hazardous pollutants that we grouped in chemical classes; a lot of hazardous and noxious compounds, mainly persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), have been detected in biological fluids at alarming levels. The scenario that emerged from this survey demonstrates the importance of HBM in human exposure to hazardous pollutants and the need to use it as valid tool in health surveillance. This systematic review represents a starting point for researchers who focus on the world of pollutant biomonitoring in the human body and gives them important insights into how to improve the methods based on GC/MS. Moreover, it makes a first overview of the use of gas sensor array and e-noses in HBM studies.

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“…Quartz tuning fork (QTF)-based sensors were also used for the detection of 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3- butanediol, cyclohexanone, acetone, ethanol, and methanol in exhaled air [ 123 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Biomonitoring of Environmental and Occupational Exposures by GC-MS and Gas Sensor Systems: A Systematic Review

Longo

Forleo

Giampetruzzi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In our previous works, we have elaborately described the working of the polymer modified QTFs. [3] The working of the system is discussed in short in the present work context. The QTF which oscillates at a resonant frequency of 32.768kHz (which is sealed) is opened and exposed to air.…”

Section: B Qtf Based Gas Sensingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In recent years, QTFs have been used as sensors for the detection of several VOCs. [3], [31]- [33] In the present work, a sensor array system has been developed such that all the sensors were simultaneously exposed to the VOC, and then the data was collected. A three-element sensor array comprising of polymer wires/films modified QTFs were used to detect and label an unknown VOC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Polymer Modified Quartz Tuning Fork (QTF) Sensor Array-Based Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Classifier

et al. 2021

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Polymer modified Quartz Tuning Fork sensor array with three sensors has been developed to classify 1,4-dimethoxy-2, 3butanediol (BD), cyclohexanone (CH), ethanol, methanol and acetone with various concentrations. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forrest (RF) have been used and evaluated as the classifiers predicting the VOCs and their concentration. The classifiers were trained with three features: response time, recovery time, and shift in the resonant frequency of the sensors. The results have been compared and analyzed for the performance of each classifier for the present system. RF gives the best performance as a classifier with an accuracy of classification more than 95%. We present results of VOC classifier performance for the QTF sensor array.

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“…For testing, pure 5 ppm analyte, control breath, and spiked breath samples were used. The breath collected labelled as control was spiked with a measured volume of the as-prepared 5 ppm analyte [47] and labelled and spiked breath. These samples were injected into the chamber housing the sensor array as shown in figure 3.…”

Section: Sensor Data Acquisition and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of trace volatile organic compounds in spiked breath samples: a leap towards breathomics

et al. 2022

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Breathomics is the future of non invasive point-of-care devices. The field of breathomics can be split into isolation of disease specific volatile organic compounds and their detection. In the present work, an array of five polymer with nanomaterial additive-modified Quartz Tuning Fork (QTF)-based sensors has been utilized to detect samples of human breath spiked with ∼0.5 ppm of known volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are bio-markers for certain diseases, namely, acetone, acetaldehyde, octane, decane, ethanol, methanol, styrene, propylbenzene, cyclohexanone, butanediol, and iso-propyl alcohol. Polystyrene was used as the base polymer and it was functionalized with 4 different fillers namely, Silver nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide composite, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Zinc Ferrite nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide composite and cellulose acetate. Each of these fillers enhanced the selectivity of a particular sensor towards certain VOC compared to prestene polystyrene modified sensor. Their interaction with the VOCs in changing the mechanical properties of polymer giving rise to change in resonant frequency of QTF, is used as sensor response for detection. The interaction of functinolized polymers with VOCs was analyzed by FTIR and UV- vis spectroscopy. The Collective sensor response of five sensors is used to identify VOCs using ensemble classifier with 92.8% accuracy of prediction. The accuracy of prediction improved to 96% when isopropyl alcohol, ethanol and methanol were considered as one class.

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Quartz tuning fork based sensor for detection of volatile organic compounds: towards breath analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Human Biomonitoring of Environmental and Occupational Exposures by GC-MS and Gas Sensor Systems: A Systematic Review

Human Biomonitoring of Environmental and Occupational Exposures by GC-MS and Gas Sensor Systems: A Systematic Review

Development of a Polymer Modified Quartz Tuning Fork (QTF) Sensor Array-Based Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Classifier

Detection of trace volatile organic compounds in spiked breath samples: a leap towards breathomics

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