Quartz crystal microbalance study of charge compensation process in polyaniline films doped with surfactant anions

Studies on electropolymerization of aniline in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and its application in sensing urea

“…The third region is above 1.8 mM where the rate of polymerization increases rapidly with further increase in SDS concentration and saturates at around 15 mM. In the first region the increase in the rate of polymerization is attributed to the formation of a complex between the anionic surfactant and the anilinium cation and is in agreement with the results of Albuquerque Maranhao and Torresi [24]. The surfactant tends to accumulate at the electrode j electrolyte interface and draws in the monomer, thereby enhancing the local concentration.…”

“…However, the SDS concentrations used for these studies were much higher than the cmc of SDS under the experimental conditions. Interestingly, Albuquerque Maranhao and Torresi [24] have observed a decrease in the rate of polymerization in the presence of SDS when the concentration of SDS was either below or around the cmc. These two observations suggest that the rate of polymerization of aniline in the presence of SDS should pass through a minimum.…”

Specific Surface versus Electrochemically Active Area of the Carbon/Polypyrrole Capacitor: Correlation of Ion Dynamics Studied by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance with BET Surface

“…22−25 The EQCM analysis of the ink-deposited resonators is complex and requires a special preparation of the electrode such as a casting of ultrathin layers of the active material. With respect to this, the relevant published work is scarce and limited to very few capacitive systems such as a polyaniline, 26,27 polypyrrole, 22−25 and carbon 18 and only two articles dealing with the EQCM analysis for the carbon/PPy composites. 28,29 The electrogravimetric tests of pure polypyrrole were carried out only for electrodeposited films 23,30−33 and demonstrated that both the mobility and valence of the ion play a significant role in the charge exchange process 23 and are influenced by the pH of the electrolyte.…”

“…The quantification of the charge cumulated (released) is carried out based on the analysis of the resonance frequency of the electrode using appropriate mathematical models that are discussed in following section of this work. − The EQCM analysis of the ink-deposited resonators is complex and requires a special preparation of the electrode such as a casting of ultrathin layers of the active material. With respect to this, the relevant published work is scarce and limited to very few capacitive systems such as a polyaniline, , polypyrrole, − and carbon and only two articles dealing with the EQCM analysis for the carbon/PPy composites. , The electrogravimetric tests of pure polypyrrole were carried out only for electrodeposited films ,− and demonstrated that both the mobility and valence of the ion play a significant role in the charge exchange process and are influenced by the pH of the electrolyte. For instance, it was possible to quantify the co-doped hydrated cations introduced simultaneously during an anion insertion.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Elongated Chain-like Nanostructure Polyaniline in Ice Cube

“…However, there are few reports about PANI prepared in the presence of SDS (PANI/SDS), compared to the case of PANI/DBSA, although PANI/SDS synthesized by chemical or electrochemical polymerizations was recently closely investigated [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . Incidentally, the processability of PANI/SDS itself is vastly different from those of PANI/DBSA because it shows low solubility/dispersibility for almost of all solvents or polymers in a similar manner to PANI/HCl.…”