Quarantine problems: An analytical approach with special reference to palm weevils and phytonematodes

Salama, H. S.; Abd-Elgawad, Mahfouz M. M.

doi:10.1080/0323540031000080137

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The use of numerical trajectory models to predict the long-distance migration and possible destinations of insect pests is one example that can be used to monitor and detect invasions at early stages in areas under invasion risk [ 101 ]. However, it is practically impossible to detect insect pests at the initial infestation site at a sufficiently early stage to have chances of eradicating the pest [ 239 ]. Given that zero tolerance quarantine protocols require sampling every unit of imported goods, the default strategy therefore is to set acceptable tolerance limits (supported by technical information) for each pest sampled.…”

Section: Management Strategies For S Frugiperda An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fall Armyworm and Larger Grain Borer Pest Invasions in Africa: Drivers, Impacts and Implications for Food Systems

Mlambo,

Mubayiwa,

Tarusikirwa

et al. 2024

Biology

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Invasive alien species (IAS) are a major biosecurity threat affecting globalisation and the international trade of agricultural products and natural ecosystems. In recent decades, for example, field crop and postharvest grain insect pests have independently accounted for a significant decline in food quantity and quality. Nevertheless, how their interaction and cumulative effects along the ever-evolving field production to postharvest continuum contribute towards food insecurity remain scant in the literature. To address this within the context of Africa, we focus on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), two of the most important field and postharvest IAS, respectively, that have invaded Africa. Both insect pests have shown high invasion success, managing to establish themselves in >50% of the African continent within a decade post-introduction. The successive and summative nature of field and postharvest damage by invasive insect pests on the same crop along its value chain results in exacerbated food losses. This systematic review assesses the drivers, impacts and management of the fall armyworm and larger grain borer and their effects on food systems in Africa. Interrogating these issues is important in early warning systems, holistic management of IAS, maintenance of integral food systems in Africa and the development of effective management strategies.

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Section: Management Strategies For S Frugiperda An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fall Armyworm and Larger Grain Borer Pest Invasions in Africa: Drivers, Impacts and Implications for Food Systems

Mlambo,

Mubayiwa,

Tarusikirwa

et al. 2024

Biology

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“…Over two decades ago, Abraham et al, [27] first highlighted the importance of quarantine treatments to check the spread of RPW through the infested date palm offshoots and recommended to dip the bole of offshoots before transportation in 0.1% chlorpyrophos for 10 min. In Egypt, quarantine and certification programmes recommend zero tolerance for RPW to block the spread of the pest to secondary foci within planted acreage [81]. Later Faleiro [27] proposed to stop movement of planting material from infested plantations within the country and from one country to another.…”

Section: Quarantine/phytosanitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Global Invasion, Current Management Options, Challenges and Future Prospects

El-Shafie¹,

Faleiro²

2020

Invasive Species - Introduction Pathways, Economic Impact, and Possible Management Options

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The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) also known as the Asian palm weevil is a key pest of palms (Arecaceae) in diverse agro-ecosystems the world over. During March 2017, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the UN through its 'Rome Declaration' called for the urgent need to combat RPW by collaborative efforts and commitments at the country, regional and global levels to stop the spread of this devastating pest. There exist gaps and challenges in almost all the components of the current RPW-IPM strategy, particularly with regard to early detection, developing and implementing phytosanitary measures, lack of effective biological control agents in the field and poor farmer participation in the control programmes, which have made RPW control and eradication extremely difficult. This chapter gives an overview of the global invasion, current management options, challenges and future prospects for its effective control.

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“…As is widely accepted, quarantine cannot be feasibly carried out to all units of transferable plants, pots, soil and cuttings. Comprehensive precautions should be implemented for complete protection against a species as yet not found in a country (Salama and Abd-Elgawad, 2003). Complete certainty of pest absence can be assured only if every unit in the lot is inspected.…”

Section: Quarantine Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield losses by Phytonematodes: challenges and opportunities with special reference to Egypt

Abd-Elgawad¹

2014

Egyptian Journal of Agronematology

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Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) constitute a major constraint to agriculture. Estimates of their crop-loss are important for establishing research, extension, and budget priority. Regulatory policy action, pesticide impact assessment, resource allocation, and program prioritization are usually contingent upon such crop loss data. Recent questionnaire results of important PPN genera and estimates of crop losses in Egypt due to PPN are presented herein. Crop losses due to the nematodes on 80 crops, 15 of which are 'life sustaining', were estimated at L.E. 15.85 (= $2.30) billion annually based on 2011-2012 Egyptian production figures and prices. Crop loss estimates of vegetables, fruits, and field crops demonstrated staggering figures and therefore nematode problems warrant considerably more effort and support than they are currently receiving. Current challenging nematode issues include reduced number of effective nematicides available and limitation in their use due to environmental issues, increased adoption of intensive agriculture, climate change, occurrence of resistance-breaking PPN pathotypes on economically important crops, and potential introduction of quarantine-nematodes. Therefore, basic and applied nematological research should be more oriented to provide better management of plant-parasitic nematodes in an economically and environmentally beneficial manner.

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Quarantine problems: An analytical approach with special reference to palm weevils and phytonematodes

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The Fall Armyworm and Larger Grain Borer Pest Invasions in Africa: Drivers, Impacts and Implications for Food Systems

The Fall Armyworm and Larger Grain Borer Pest Invasions in Africa: Drivers, Impacts and Implications for Food Systems

Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Global Invasion, Current Management Options, Challenges and Future Prospects

Yield losses by Phytonematodes: challenges and opportunities with special reference to Egypt

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