Quantum Wave-Particle Duality in Free-Electron–Bound-Electron Interaction

Zhang, Bin; Ran, Du; Ianconescu, Reuven; Friedman, A.; Scheuer, Jacob; Yariv, Amnon; Gover, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.244801

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We first describe our unified theory for the quantum three-particle interaction of a free electron, a bound electron, and a photon in a single-mode cavity. Assuming that the bound-electron system is a two-level emitter, we can readily use the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) (45,46) and the free-electron bound-electron resonant interaction (FEBERI) (39)(40)(41)47) models for its coupling to the cavity photon and the free electron, respectively. The coupling of the free electron and the cavity photon is generally captured by the quantum photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (QPINEM) (35,37,48,49) model.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum sensing of strongly coupled light-matter systems using free electrons

Karnieli

Tsesses

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Strong coupling in light-matter systems is a central concept in cavity quantum electrodynamics and is essential for many quantum technologies. Especially in the optical range, full control of highly connected multi-qubit systems necessitates quantum coherent probes with nanometric spatial resolution, which are currently inaccessible. Here, we propose the use of free electrons as high-resolution quantum sensors for strongly coupled light-matter systems. Shaping the free-electron wave packet enables the measurement of the quantum state of the entire hybrid systems. We specifically show how quantum interference of the free-electron wave packet gives rise to a quantum-enhanced sensing protocol for the position and dipole orientation of a subnanometer emitter inside a cavity. Our results showcase the great versatility and applicability of quantum interactions between free electrons and strongly coupled cavities, relying on the unique properties of free electrons as strongly interacting flying qubits with miniscule dimensions.

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Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum sensing of strongly coupled light-matter systems using free electrons

Karnieli

Tsesses

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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“…Using a fully quantum-mechanical analysis (both free and bound electrons quantized) of the FEBERI interaction with a single arbitrarily shaped QEW [34,35], we showed that the FEBERI effect can be applied for coherent control and interrogation of the qubit state of a target TLS. However, because the FEBERI effect is practically very weak for a single QEW and single TLS, it is necessary to consider the interaction of the TLS with multiple modulation-correlated QEWs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Excitation of Bound Electron Quantum State With Quantum Electron Wavepackets

et al. 2022

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We present a fully quantum model for the excitation of a bound electron based on the “free-electron bound-electron resonant interaction” (FEBERI) scheme. The bound electron is modeled as a quantum two-level system (TLS) at any initial quantum (qubit) state, and the free electron is presented as a pre-shaped quantum electron wavepacket (QEW). In the case that the QEW is short or modulated at optical frequency, the TLS quantum state may be coherently controlled with multiple modulation-correlated QEWs. For this case, we derive the transition probability of the TLS due to interaction with a multi-particle beam based on an analytical approximate solution of the Schrodinger equation that amounts to using Born’s probabilistic interpretation of the quantum electron wavefunction. We verify the credibility of the analytical model at its validity ranges using a fully quantum density matrix computation procedure. It is shown that the transition probability can grow quadratically with the number of correlated QEWs and exhibit Rabi oscillation. The study indicates a possibility of engineering the quantum state of a TLS by utilizing a beam of shaped QEWs.

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“…For instance, the optical dipole force could be applied to trapping and transporting nanoparticles or atoms [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Recently, the optical fields in photonic microstructures have been applied to manipulate free electrons [20][21][22], which provide new tools to investigate and control both photons and electrons [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. For the the manipulation of photons, the interaction could accumulation with the propagation of photons when phase-matching condition of nonlinear optics effect is satisfied for a given device and working wavelength [30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive particle acceleration on a photonic chip via spatial-temporal modulation

Yu¹,

Xu²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recently, the spectral manipulation of single photons has been achieved through spatial-temporal modulation of the optical refractive index. Here, we generalize this mechanism to massive particles, i.e. realizing the acceleration or deceleration of particles through the spatial-temporal modulation of potential induced by lasers. On a photonic integrated chip, we propose a MeV-magnitude acceleration by distributed modulation units driven by lasers. The mechanism could also be applied to atom trapping, which promises a millimeter-scale decelerator to trap atoms. The spatial-temporal modulation approach is universal and could be generalized to other systems, which may play a significant role in hybrid photonic chip and microscale particle manipulation.

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Quantum Wave-Particle Duality in Free-Electron–Bound-Electron Interaction

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Quantum sensing of strongly coupled light-matter systems using free electrons

Quantum sensing of strongly coupled light-matter systems using free electrons

Coherent Excitation of Bound Electron Quantum State With Quantum Electron Wavepackets

Massive particle acceleration on a photonic chip via spatial-temporal modulation

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