Quantum Turbulence in a Propagating Superfluid Vortex Front

Eltsov, V. B.; Golov, A. I.; Graaf, R. de; Hänninen, Risto; Krusius, M.; L’vov, Victor S.; Solntsev, R. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.265301

Cited by 69 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…QT physics, comprising tangled quantized vortices, is an important research topic in lowtemperature physics [8,9]. Stimulated by recent experiments on both superfluid 3 He and superfluid 4 He, where a few similarities have been observed between quantum and classical turbulence [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], studies on QT have entered a new stage where one of the main motivations is to investigate the relationship between quantum and classical turbulence. In particular, the Kolmogorov-Obukhov turbulent kinetic energy spectrum E(k) ∝ k −5/3 has been observed in laboratory experiments on superfluid 4 He similar to that in normal fluids [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct energy cascade in two-dimensional compressible quantum turbulence

2010

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We numerically study two-dimensional quantum turbulence with a Gross-Pitaevskii model. With the energy initially accumulated at large scale, quantum turbulence with many quantized vortex points is generated. Due to the lack of enstrophy conservation in this model, direct energy cascade with a Kolmogorov-Obukhov energy spectrum E(k) ∝ k −5/3 is observed, which is quite different from two-dimensional incompressible classical turbulence in the decaying case. A positive value for the energy flux guarantees a direct energy cascade in the inertial range (from large to small scales). After almost all the energy at the large scale cascades to the small scale, the compressible kinetic energy realizes the thermodynamic equilibrium state without quantized vortices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct energy cascade in two-dimensional compressible quantum turbulence

2010

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“…Also we should note a mysterious very small numerical factor 5 10 − in formula (16) for the energy flux in Ref. 13, that has no physical justification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the six-wave process, which assumes that the underlying vortex is perfectly straight, this task was accomplished only recently [14]. Effective 3↔3-interaction coefficient W was shown to have a form 4,5,6 4,5,6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1,2,3 1,2,3…”

Section: Kelvin-wave Turbulence With Six-wave Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In superfluids, on the other hand, when temperature is close to the absolute zero, such quenching mechanism is absent, and the energy flux unavoidably reaches the scales where the quantization of the vortex circulation (discovered by Feynman [3]) is essential. Recently, there have been significant advances in experimental techniques allowing studies of turbulence in various systems such as 3 He [4,5], 4 He [6,7] and Bose-Einstein condensates of supercold atoms [8,9]. Often, experimental devices are not small enough to probe the transitional and quantum scales directly.…”

Section: Physical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak turbulence of Kelvin waves in superfluid He

L’vov

Nazarenko

2010

Low Temperature Physics

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Physics of small-scale quantum turbulence in superfluids is essentially based on the knowledge of the energy spectrum of Kelvin waves, .k E In our paper, we derive a new type of kinetic equation for Kelvin waves on quantized vortex filaments with random large-scale curvature which describes a step-by-step energy cascade over scales caused by five-wave interactions. This approach replaces the previously used six-wave theory, which was recently shown to be inconsistent due to nonlocality. Solving the four-wave kinetic equation, we found a new local spectrum with a universal (curvature-independent) exponent,, which must replace the nonlocal spectrum of the six-wave theory,in future theory, e.g., in finding the quantum turbulence decay rate, found by Kosik and Svistunov under wrong assumption of the locality of energy transfer in the sixwave interactions.

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“…The first is the turbulent burst (4,20), when a few closely packed vortex loops attached to the cylindrical wall interact via reconnections and expanding Kelvin waves and quickly fill the cross section of the cylinder within a short vertical section. The second process is the expansion of this turbulence toward the vortex-free region(s) as propagating turbulent vortex front(s) (21). The axial propagation velocity of the turbulent front V f can significantly exceed the value that the laminar expansion velocity V lam would have in the same conditions.…”

Section: Coarse-grained Superfluid Dynamics and Mutual Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum turbulence in superfluids with wall-clamped normal component

Eltsov

Hänninen

Krusius

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In Fermi superfluids, such as superfluid 3 He, the viscous normal component can be considered to be stationary with respect to the container. The normal component interacts with the superfluid component via mutual friction, which damps the motion of quantized vortex lines and eventually couples the superfluid component to the container. With decreasing temperature and mutual friction, the internal dynamics of the superfluid component becomes more important compared with the damping and coupling effects from the normal component. As a result profound changes in superfluid dynamics are observed: the temperature-dependent transition from laminar to turbulent vortex motion and the decoupling from the reference frame of the container at even lower temperatures.superfluid Reynolds number | vortex tension | vortex front | rotating flow | pipe flow I n this paper, we consider the motion of quantized vortices in superfluids, where the normal component is clamped to the walls of the container; that is, it is stationary in a reference frame moving with the wall. This situation can be experimentally realized in superfluid 3 He. In such systems, turbulent motion can occur only in the superfluid component and thus, in principle, is easier to analyze. Here the role of the normal fluid is twofold: first, it provides friction in the superfluid motion, which is mediated by quantized vortices and works over a wide range of length scales. Second, it provides a coupling to the container walls, which acts uniformly over the whole volume of the superfluid. This situation is quite unlike classical turbulence, where viscous dissipation operates only at the small Kolmogorov scale and coupling to the walls is provided by thin boundary layers.As a result, a variety of new phenomena is observed in experiments and numerical simulations as a function of temperature. These phenomena are controlled by the normal-fluid density. At the highest temperatures, turbulent motion is suppressed completely. When the temperature decreases, a sharp transition to turbulence is seen. The transition can be characterized by a superfluid Reynolds number, which is composed of the internal friction parameters of the superfluid and is independent of velocity. When turbulence is triggered by a localized perturbation of the laminar flow, the critical value of the Reynolds number is found to scale with the strength of the perturbation.When the temperature decreases further, friction from the normal component rapidly vanishes. The overall dissipation rate in quantum turbulence remains nevertheless finite, owing to the contribution from the turbulent energy cascade, and reaches a temperatureindependent value in the zero-temperature limit. This zero-temperature dissipation can be characterized by an effective viscosity or friction. It is found, however, that coupling to the walls is not essentially improved by the turbulence and can potentially become very small. At the lowest temperatures the concept of a single effective friction breaks down; for the proper descriptio...

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Quantum Turbulence in a Propagating Superfluid Vortex Front

Cited by 69 publications

References 22 publications

Direct energy cascade in two-dimensional compressible quantum turbulence

Direct energy cascade in two-dimensional compressible quantum turbulence

Weak turbulence of Kelvin waves in superfluid He

Quantum turbulence in superfluids with wall-clamped normal component

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