Quantum thermal transistor in superconducting circuits

Common Environmental Effects on Quantum Thermal Transistor

“…The research on quantum thermal machines allows us not only to test the basic laws of thermodynamics in the quantum level, but also to exploit microscopic thermodynamic applications in terms of quantum intriguing features. Up to now, a great deal of efforts have been paid for the relevant topics [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ], especially based on various working substances, such as two-level systems [ 12 ], multi-level spin systems [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], superconducting qubits [ 9 , 13 , 19 ], quantum dots [ 14 ], quantum harmonic oscillators [ 22 ], opto-mechanical systems [ 20 , 23 ], and so on.…”

“…The self-contained thermal devices were originally proposed as refrigerators to cool the cold bath [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], or as thermal engines to extract work [ 46 , 47 ]. Later, they were widely extended to a variety of cases, including the different interaction mechanisms, or for achieving various functions, such as heat current amplification [ 9 , 24 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], thermal rectification [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ], thermal batteries [ 61 , 62 , 63 ], and thermometers [ 64 , 65 , 66 ]. It is a quite fundamental question for quantum thermodynamics as to...…”

Heat Modulation on Target Thermal Bath via Coherent Auxiliary Bath

“…With the aid of these controllable quantum platforms (systems), some studies focus on the redefinitions of some concepts, such as work and heat [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], and the verification and modification of thermodynamics second law [ 35 ] in quantum domain. Others concentrate on heat control/management [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ] in order to design the quantum thermodynamic process (or quantum thermal machines) that can implement a certain task (or multi-task) using thermal resources [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

“…Some previous studies have been devoted to thermal rectification [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Currently, the quantum thermal transistor [ 39 ] to implement heat amplification, and various quantum control devices of heat current with a specific function have been proposed, such as quantum thermal diodes [ 47 , 63 ], quantum heat switch [ 64 ], transistors [ 48 , 49 ], thermometers [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ], thermal valves [ 54 ] and many-body quantum thermal rectification [ 65 ]. Most currently, to design a multifunctional quantum thermal device [ 20 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 66 ], i.e., integrating the multiple functions into a single device, has become an interesting and active subject.…”

Thermodynamic characteristics and research progress of energy-conversion quantum systems

“…实验报 道中基于声子传热和量子点电子热整流器都未能达到 这一数量级的要求 [34,35] . Martínez-Pérez等人 [ 量子热整流/热二极管效应是设计量子热三极 管、实现热流调节与放大 [37][38][39][40][41][42] 的前提. 热三极管类似 于电子三极管, 可通过基极温度或基极热流微小的改 变控制集电极和发射极的热流.…”