Quantum theory of a spaser-based nanolaser

Abstract

We present a quantum theory of a spaser-based nanolaser, under the bad-cavity approximation. We find first-and second-order correlation functions g (1) (τ) and g (2) (τ) below and above the generation threshold, and obtain the average number of plasmons in the cavity. The latter is shown to be of the order of unity near the generation threshold, where the spectral line narrows considerably. In this case the coherence is preserved in a state of active atoms in contradiction to the good-cavity lasers, where the coherence is preserved in a state of photons. The damped oscillations in g (2) (τ) above the generation threshold indicate the unusual character of amplitude fluctuations of polarization and population, which become interconnected in this case. Obtained results allow to understand the fundamental principles of operation of nanolasers. 18253-18259 (2011). 18. J. Kim, V.P. Drachev, Z. Jacob, G.V. Naik, A. Boltasseva, E.E. Narimanov, and V.M. Shalaev "Improving the radiative decay rate for dye molecules with hyperbolic metamaterials," Opt. Express 20, 8100-8116 (2012).

Theoretical study of plasmonic lasing in junctions with many molecules

“…The first part is contributed by the first three lines in Eq. (25) and is proportional to the number of molecules. This part does not depend on the plasmon excitation.…”

“…red solid line). The equation (25) indicates that there are two contributions to the current. The terms explicitly depending on N m are the contribution of the junctions in the absence of the lead plasmon, cf.…”

“…This ideal system has been studied with non-linear rate equations [15,[20][21][22][23][24], with a Fokker-Planck equation [25] as well as with a reduced density matrix equation (RDM) [17,26]. In most studies, the quantum emitters are treated as two-level systems incoherently driven by an effective pump.…”

Lasing Conditions of Transverse Electromagnetic Modes in Metallic-Coated Micro- and Nanotubes

“…These devices can find numerous applications for enhanced spectroscopies, as a way of counteracting the effect of optical losses in different plasmonic devices, or directly as a source of radiation for "lab-on-chip" devices, ultra-dense data storage, or nanolithography [7][8][9][10][11]. Different forms of nanolasers and spasers have been extensively discussed in the literature over the last decades, both from the theoretical [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and experimental [1-3, 11, 18-25] point of view. There has been studied a wide variety of structures and materials/metamaterials for supporting the spaser/nanolaser as well as different compounds to act as the optical-gain medium.…”

Cooperative effects in spherical spasers: Ab initio analytical model

“…Besides the semiclassical theories discussed above one should mention also fully quantum numerical calculations [25][26][27]. These works investigate spaser generation in terms of the quantum correlation functions.…”