quantum state control of chiral molecules

Discrimination of enantiomers for chiral molecules using analytically designed microwave pulses

“…To that end, triple resonant linearly polarized microwave pulses with orthogonal polarization directions involve multiple M J values will lead to the system with at least four states, which can be decomposed into two equivalent cyclic three-level systems 36 or into a cyclic three-level system and an uncoupling two-level system. 39,57 The present control procedure with the optimal amplitude and phase conditions differs from our previous control schemes 48 and those used in ESST experiments. 29,30 For the former, the phase condition in the present work can be satisfied by only changing the delay time of the third pule involved in the second stage, which is more convenient than the previous one, where two delay parameters are used in the second control stage.…”

“…We should note that the cyclic three-level model gives a qualitative understanding of ESST, which at a finite temperature depends on the M J -states 0 degeneracies. 55,56 As demonstrated in the latest experiment work, 57 the effect of M J -states could be overcome by cooling down the molecules to an ultracold or a low temperature while selecting the initial rotational level in the electronic and vibrational ground state of the most abundant conformer via optical pumping. To that end, triple resonant linearly polarized microwave pulses with orthogonal polarization directions involve multiple M J values will lead to the system with at least four states, which can be decomposed into two equivalent cyclic three-level systems 36 or into a cyclic three-level system and an uncoupling two-level system.…”

“…To that end, triple resonant linearly polarized microwave pulses with orthogonal polarization directions involve multiple M J values will lead to the system with at least four states, which can be decomposed into two equivalent cyclic three-level systems 36 or into a cyclic three-level system and an uncoupling two-level system. 39,57…”

Ultrafast chirality: the road to efficient chiral measurements

“…Let us consider a locally chiral field with frequencies o 1 , o 2 and o 3 = o 1 + o 2 polarized along x, y and z, respectively. 90,95,97,99,101,102,109,132 The first (achiral) pathway is associated with the linear response at frequency o 3 , which is not sensitive to chirality, and leads to polarization at o 3 along z. The second (chiral) pathway corresponds to sum-frequency generation, a secondorder process that records the molecular handedness: the medium absorbs one o 1 photon and one o 2 photon from the field components polarized in the xy plane, generating polarization at frequency o 3 along z (Fig.…”

“…It aims to revolutionize the chiral reagent, i.e. to create and use light 100,[128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136] or a combination of electric fields 89,90,95,99,101,102 that is chiral already in the electricdipole approximation. This means that the electric-field vector of such light, at any given point in space, should draw a chiral Lissajous figure during its oscillation period.…”