Quantum secure direct communication by using GHZ states and entanglement swapping

Man, Zhong‐Xiao; Xia, Yun‐Jie; An, Nguyen Ba

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/39/18/015

Cited by 97 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our scheme can be implemented in experiment since the controlled-not gate can be realized in different context, such as the gates with single trapped cold ions have been experimentally demonstrated [22]. It is known GHZ-like state is crucial for many application purposes (see, e.g., [23][24][25]) and can already be generated in the laboratory [26], thus the study for this state are important and necessary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic N-Qubit GHZ State Discrimination with Controlled-Not Operations

2008

Int J Theor Phys

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic N-Qubit GHZ State Discrimination with Controlled-Not Operations

2008

Int J Theor Phys

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“…Unfortunately, all the variants [13][14][15][16][17][18] of [12] suffer from such information leakage.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Qd Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement device-independent quantum dialogue

Maitra

2017

Quantum Inf Process

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Very recently, the experimental demonstration of Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) with state-of-the-art atomic quantum memory has been reported (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2017). Quantum Dialogue (QD) falls under QSDC where the secrete messages are communicated simultaneously between two legitimate parties. The successful experimental demonstration of QSDC opens up the possibilities for practical implementation of QD protocols. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the practical security issues of QD protocols for future implementation. Since the very first proposal for QD by Nguyen (Phys. Lett. A, 2004) a large number of variants and extensions have been presented till date. However, all of those leak half of the secret bits to the adversary through classical communications of the measurement results. In this direction, motivated by the idea of Lo et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2012), we propose a Measurement Device Independent Quantum Dialogue (MDI-QD) scheme which is resistant to such information leakage as well as side channel attacks. In the proposed protocol, Alice and Bob, two legitimate parties, are allowed to prepare the states only. The states are measured by an untrusted third party (UTP) who may himself behave as an adversary. We show that our protocol is secure under this adversarial model. The current protocol does not require any quantum memory and thus it is inherently robust against memory attacks. Such robustness might not be guaranteed in the QSDC protocol with quantum memory (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2017).

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“…In 2006, Man, Xia, and Nguyen came up with such a protocol based on GHZ state (MXN protocol) [33] . Here we show that much information about the transmitted secrets would be leaked out in MXN protocol.…”

Section: Analysis Of Mxn Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we show that much information about the transmitted secrets would be leaked out in MXN protocol. In this condition, as we know, entanglement swapping (or ES for short) [34] [33] for details). Consequently, each of the three users can obtain the secret bits sent by the other two.…”

Section: Analysis Of Mxn Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%