“Quantum Pendants” - the measurement of exposure to enhanced natural radioactivity

A Methodology for the Systematic Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm)

“…However, it is foreseen that the application of the presented tiered methodology may result in the identification of new cases of radiation protection concern. For example, some alternative medicine products, such as scalar energy products (Bonczyk et al, 2022a) are stated by manufacturers to be made of volcanic materials or other minerals that are claimed to have health benefits such as emanating positive energy. Products advertised as having similar properties are becoming more widely, especially in cross border trade via the internet (Abu et al, 2022).…”

“…Products advertised as having similar properties are becoming more widely, especially in cross border trade via the internet (Abu et al, 2022). These products contain natural radionuclides, mainly 232 Th and its decay products, and may be an additional source of exposure when used as recommended (Bonczyk et al, 2022a) and currently not being subject to any regulatory controls.…”

“…Other situations of concern include specific workplaces situated in spaces that may be confined or poorly ventilated or both (for example: underground mines). In such cases, regardless the properties of excavated material or conditions for ongoing activities, favourable circumstances for radon exhalation may be created (UNSCEAR, 2016;Skubacz et al, 2019;Bonczyk et al, 2022aBonczyk et al, , 2022b, formation water may be released (Wysocka et al, 2019;Haluszczak et al, 2013;Kharaka et al, 2013) or increased exposure to external radiation emitted by surrounding walls and rocks may result (Wysocka et al, 2019). Finally, a further obstacle to the identification of NORM exposure situations is the fact that the processing of excavated raw material, use of commodities, products, or merchandise as well as waste treatment often happens outside the industry where they were initially created.…”

Identifikasi Paparan Radiasi X-Ray Untuk Keselamatan Radiasi Menggunakan Random Forest Classification

“…Dosis paparan radiasi atau nilai batas dosis ekuivalennya bagi pengguna masyarakat berbeda dengan yang dianjurkan bagi pekerja radiasi. Pada penelitian ini, nilai batas standar dosis ekuivalen untuk pengguna masyarakat pada kulit adalah 50 mSv/tahun atau sama dengan 5,707 µSv/h [7]. Dosis pada sumber radiasi mempengaruhi kualitas gambar yang dihasilkan, yang dikenal dengan aktivitas pengendalian kualitas gambar.…”