Quantum Mechanics, vacuum, particles, Gödel-Cohen incompleteness and the Universe

Abstract

Abstract. Are the standard laws of Physics really fundamental principles? Does the physical vacuum have a more primordial internal structure? Are quarks, leptons, gauge bosons... ultimate elementary objects? These three basic questions are actually closely related. If the deep vacuum structure and dynamics turn out to be less trivial than usually depicted, the conventional "elementary" particles will most likely be excitations of such a vacuum dynamics that remains by now unknown. We then expect relativity and quantum mechanics to be low-energy limits of a more fundamental dynamical pattern that generates them at a deeper level. It may even happen that vacuum drives the expansion of the Universe from its own inner dynamics. Inside such a vacuum structure, the speed of light would not be the critical speed for vacuum constituents and propagating signals. The natural scenario would be the superbradyon (superluminal preon) pattern we postulated in 1995, with a new critical speed c s much larger than the speed of light c just as c is much larger than the speed of sound. Superbradyons are assumed to be the bradyons of a super-relativity associated to c s (a Lorentz invariance with c s as the critical speed). Similarly, the standard relativistic space-time with four real coordinates would not necessarily hold beyond low-energy and comparatively local distance scales. Instead, the spinorial space-time (SST) with two complex coordinates we introduced in 1996-97 may be the suitable one to describe the internal structure of vacuum and standard "elementary" particles and, simultaneously, Cosmology at very large distance scales. If the constituents of the preonic vacuum are superluminal, quantum entanglement appears as a natural property provided c s c . The value of c s can even be possibly found experimentally by studying entanglement at large distances. It is not excluded that preonic constituents of vacuum can exist in our Universe as free particles ("free" superbradyons), in which case we expect them to be weakly coupled to standard matter. If a preonic vacuum is actually leading the basic dynamics of Particle Physics and Cosmology, and standard particles are vacuum excitations, the Gödel-Cohen incompleteness will apply to vacuum dynamics whereas the conventional laws of physics will actually be approximate and have error bars. We discuss here the possible role of the superbradyonic vacuum and of the SST in generating Quantum Mechanics, as well as the implications of such a dynamical origin of the conventional laws of Physics and possible evidences in experiments and observations. Black holes, gravitational waves, possible "free" superbradyons or preonic waves, unconventional vacuum radiation... are considered from this point of view paying particular attention to LIGO, VIRGO and CERN experiments. This lecture is dedicated to the memory of John Bell

Value of H, space-time patterns, vacuum, matter, expansion of the Universe, alternative cosmologies

“…In what follows and in [15], we consider some possible signatures of such a new physics and cosmology. Furthermore, standard concepts including Big Bang, inflation, strings, quantum gravity... have led to involved situations [16][17][18] while: i) direct particle physics tests become more and more difficult as the energy scale increases beyond those of accelerator experiments; ii) astrophysical and cosmological data are incomplete and difficult to interpret in an unambiguous way.…”

“…In a preonic vacuum where signals can propagate faster than light [15], the Higgs boson and the zero modes of bosonic harmonic oscillators do not need to be permanently materialized, as the vacuum dynamics can temporarily produce them when required by the presence of surrounding matter and thus make possible the standard particle interactions. In this case, the (ground) state of vacuum in regions of the Universe without matter would be substantially different from the (excited) one observed in the laboratory.…”

“…Leaving aside possible controversies on the precise origin of the Casimir effect [30][31][32], one can expect the structure and dynamics of the physical vacuum in the laboratory, even with a locally void setup, to be influenced by the presence of surrounding matter. The fact that quantum entanglement is being successfully checked at rather large distances [33,34] can be an indication on the propagation of signals in vacuum [15].…”

“…As discussed in [15], the definition itself of the physical vacuum is far fron trivial. Assuming a preonic vacuum, a practical choice can be to define vacuum as the set of preons, including virtual ones, trapped in its internal structure.…”

“…Its properties have been briefly reminded in [15,39] and previously dealt with in several papers including [13,28], [40,41] and [14,42].…”