Quantum-mechanical model for valence-electron emission from metal surfaces

Abstract

Electron emission from the conduction band of metal surfaces is studied under grazing scattering conditions. We investigate this process making use of the quantum-mechanical (QM) model to represent the electronic interactions within the binary collisional formalism. The QM approach is based on the use of the model potential and allows us to describe the main features of the metal surface. It provides a precise description of both one-electron states and surface induced potential. In this work, the approximation is employed to evaluate electron distributions for 100 keV protons impinging grazingly on the Al͑111͒ surface. We have found that the realistic representation of the surface included in the QM model introduces substantial changes in the valence emission at low electron energies and intermediate ejection angles. The influence of the surface wake potential on the valence emission probability is also addressed. In order to compare with experiments, we add the contribution coming from atomic inner shells calculated with the field-distorted-wave approximation. Total theoretical results obtained with the QM model are in fairly good agreement with the available experimental data.

Band-structure effects in photoelectron-emission spectra from metal surfaces

“…In addition, since the one-dimensional wave functions given by Eq. (3) do not allow us to distinguish electrons emitted inside the solid from those ejected toward the vacuum region, as a first estimation we averaged the contributions from the two different wave functions φ n f (z) associated with the same positive energy ε n f by considering that ionized electrons emitted to the vacuum region represent approximately 50% of the total ionized electrons from the conduction band [53].…”

Induced-field enhancement of band-structure effects in photoelectron spectra from Al surfaces by ultrashort laser pulses

“…(11) was done with a relative error lower than 1%. Moreover, taking into account that the functions φ n f do not allow to distinguish electrons emitted inside the solid from those ejected towards the vacuum region, to evaluate the emission probability we averaged the contributions from the two different wave functions associated with the same positive energy ε n f by considering that ionized electrons emitted to the vacuum region represent approximately a 50% of the total ionized electrons from the valence band [17,32].…”

Спектр Электронов При Холодной Нелинейной Эмиссии Из Металла Под Действием Лазерного Импульса

“…В основе первой лежит нестационарное уравнение Шредингера, начальное состояние электрона при этом описывается в рамках зонной модели [14], а конечное состояние строится в виде функции с волковской фазой, включающей в себя взаимодействие с электромагнит-ным полем [15]. Далее вычисляются матричные эле-менты для амплитуды перехода электрона в конечные состояния, и на их основе получается энергетический спектр.…”