Quantum Mechanical Investigation of the Electric and Thermal Characteristics of Magnetic Compound Fluid as a Semiconductor on Metal Combined with Rubber
Abstract:By applying our developed intelligent fluid, magnetic compound fluid (MCF), to silicon oil rubber, we have made the MCF rubber highly sensitive to temperature and electric conduction. MCF is useful as an element material in haptic robot sensors and other related devices. By mixing metal particles in the silicon oil rubber and by applying a strong magnetic field to the rubber, high-density clusters of these particles can be formed. In a previous study, we investigated the electric current resulting from the app… Show more
“…The material gap between p- and n-type semiconductors or A − and D + is an insulator with non-adiabatic process—it is through which an electron can jump to shift between different potential energy regions. The transfer of electric current in an MCF rubber made of silicon oil rubber solidified by drying without electrolytic polymerization has been investigated numerically by using the tunneling theory [ 28 , 29 ]. The same theoretical formula can be applied to the present MCF rubber solar cell.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As the MCF rubber is compressed, T becomes larger nonlinearly. Figure A1 Theoretical results of the change in the translated ratio of electric current in relation to the compression ratio of the MCF rubber [ 25 , 29 ]: ( a ) Model of multi potential barrier of the rubber; ( b ) transmitted probability by compressing. …”
Section: Figure A1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consider the behavior of electrons transmitted over the potential barrier of rubber as a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the x -direction, which is the direction of compression of the MCF rubber. The process of the transmitting electric current, through a pair of metal regions of γ with a range of 2 a L and of γ 1 with a range of 2 a R , and one rubber region k with a range of b can be considered as a tunnel barrier problem on double barriers, and the diagram of potential energy V is shown in Figure A1 a [ 25 , 29 ]. MCF rubber is organized as n pairs of two metal and one rubber regions.…”
Ordinary solar cells are very difficult to bend, squash by compression, or extend by tensile strength. However, if they were to possess elastic, flexible, and extensible properties, in addition to piezo-electricity and resistivity, they could be put to effective use as artificial skin installed over human-like robots or humanoids. Further, it could serve as a husk that generates electric power from solar energy and perceives any force or temperature changes. Therefore, we propose a new type of artificial skin, called hybrid skin (H-Skin), for a humanoid robot having hybrid functions. In this study, a novel elastic solar cell is developed from natural rubber that is electrolytically polymerized with a configuration of magnetic clusters of metal particles incorporated into the rubber, by applying a magnetic field. The material thus produced is named magnetic compound fluid rubber (MCF rubber) that is elastic, flexible, and extensible. The present report deals with a dry-type MCF rubber solar cell that uses photosensitized dye molecules. First, the photovoltaic mechanism in the material is investigated. Next, the changes in the photovoltaic properties of its molecules due to irradiation by visible light are measured under compression. The effect of the compression on its piezoelectric properties is investigated.
“…The material gap between p- and n-type semiconductors or A − and D + is an insulator with non-adiabatic process—it is through which an electron can jump to shift between different potential energy regions. The transfer of electric current in an MCF rubber made of silicon oil rubber solidified by drying without electrolytic polymerization has been investigated numerically by using the tunneling theory [ 28 , 29 ]. The same theoretical formula can be applied to the present MCF rubber solar cell.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As the MCF rubber is compressed, T becomes larger nonlinearly. Figure A1 Theoretical results of the change in the translated ratio of electric current in relation to the compression ratio of the MCF rubber [ 25 , 29 ]: ( a ) Model of multi potential barrier of the rubber; ( b ) transmitted probability by compressing. …”
Section: Figure A1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consider the behavior of electrons transmitted over the potential barrier of rubber as a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the x -direction, which is the direction of compression of the MCF rubber. The process of the transmitting electric current, through a pair of metal regions of γ with a range of 2 a L and of γ 1 with a range of 2 a R , and one rubber region k with a range of b can be considered as a tunnel barrier problem on double barriers, and the diagram of potential energy V is shown in Figure A1 a [ 25 , 29 ]. MCF rubber is organized as n pairs of two metal and one rubber regions.…”
Ordinary solar cells are very difficult to bend, squash by compression, or extend by tensile strength. However, if they were to possess elastic, flexible, and extensible properties, in addition to piezo-electricity and resistivity, they could be put to effective use as artificial skin installed over human-like robots or humanoids. Further, it could serve as a husk that generates electric power from solar energy and perceives any force or temperature changes. Therefore, we propose a new type of artificial skin, called hybrid skin (H-Skin), for a humanoid robot having hybrid functions. In this study, a novel elastic solar cell is developed from natural rubber that is electrolytically polymerized with a configuration of magnetic clusters of metal particles incorporated into the rubber, by applying a magnetic field. The material thus produced is named magnetic compound fluid rubber (MCF rubber) that is elastic, flexible, and extensible. The present report deals with a dry-type MCF rubber solar cell that uses photosensitized dye molecules. First, the photovoltaic mechanism in the material is investigated. Next, the changes in the photovoltaic properties of its molecules due to irradiation by visible light are measured under compression. The effect of the compression on its piezoelectric properties is investigated.
“…In the case of the large aggregation of particles or large aspect ratio of the particle shape, percolation theory cannot be applied because the percolation threshold decreases in spite of the enhancement of electric conductivity. Regarding the latter theory, when a voltage is applied to the material, the phenomenon can be explained by the proposition that electrons jump to percolate through the barrier of non-conductive material by a diode effect [ 40 , 51 ]. In MCF rubber, because the magnetic clusters are extremely aggregated, it has been proposed that the tunnel theory is suitable for the MCF rubber.…”
Piezoelements used in robotics require large elasticity and extensibility to be installed in an artificial robot skin. However, the piezoelements used until recently are vulnerable to large forces because of the thin solid materials employed. To resolve this issue, we utilized a natural rubber and applied our proposed new method of aiding with magnetic and electric fields as well as filling with magnetic compound fluid (MCF) and doping. We have verified the piezoproperties of the resulting MCF rubber. The effect of the created magnetic clusters is featured in a new two types of multilayered structures of the piezoelement. By measuring the piezoelectricity response to pressure, the synergetic effects of the magnetic clusters, the doping and the electric polymerization on the piezoelectric effect were clarified. In addition, by examining the relation between the piezoelectricity and the piezoresistivity created in the MCF piezo element, we propose a hybrid piezoelement.
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