Quantum mechanical criteria for choosing appropriate voltage stabilization additives for polyethylene

Kisin, Srdjan; Doelder, Jaap den; Eaton, Robert F.; Caronia, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.11.009

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In particular, a high electron affi nity and a low ionization energy have been identifi ed as necessary criteria for effi cient electrical tree inhibition. [ 3 ] Certainly, fullerenes are promising candidates due to their high electron affi nity. Thus, in this study, we investigate the use of Buckminsterfullerene and its soluble derivatives have shown great potential in a range of application areas such as organic electronics, polymer technology, pharmaceutics, and biomedicine.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201404306mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Application Area for Fullerenes: Voltage Stabilizers for Power Cable Insulation

et al. 2014

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Fullerenes are shown to be efficient voltage-stabilizers for polyethylene, i.e., additives that increase the dielectric strength of the insulation material. Such compounds are highly sought-after because their use in power-cable insulation may considerably enhance the transmission efficiency of tomorrow's power grids. On a molal basis, fullerenes are the most efficient voltage stabilizers reported to date.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma201404306mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Application Area for Fullerenes: Voltage Stabilizers for Power Cable Insulation

et al. 2014

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“…Among those are peroxide decomposition products, such as acetophenone and cumyl alcohol, as well as a number of commercial and commonly used antioxidants and UV stabilizers . Other examples include the deliberate addition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene and anthracene . Shimizu et al have suggested that these compounds are able to capture high energy electrons and dissipate their energy, which would otherwise tend to degrade polyethylene chains during impact .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shimizu et al have suggested that these compounds are able to capture high energy electrons and dissipate their energy, which would otherwise tend to degrade polyethylene chains during impact . In particular, a low ionization potential (IP) has been identified as a necessary criterion for efficient electrical tree inhibition …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored side‐chain architecture of benzil voltage stabilizers for enhanced dielectric strength of cross‐linked polyethylene

Jarvid

Johansson

Bjuggren

et al. 2014

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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The synthesis and physico‐chemical properties of seven benzil‐type voltage stabilizers are reported. The benzil core is substituted with alkyl chains of different length that are linked to the benzil core via an ester, ether, or tertiary amine group. All additives can be melt‐processed with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that benzil compounds are not affected by the LDPE cross‐linking reaction induced by dicumyl peroxide. Moreover, a combination of gel content measurements, thermal analysis, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering indicates that the presence of benzil voltage stabilizers does not significantly alter the microstructure of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE). Electrical tree inhibition experiments under high‐voltage alternating current conditions show that all investigated additives substantially enhance the dielectric strength of the insulating material at a concentration of only 10 mmol kg−1. The highest improvement in dielectric strength, of more than 70% with respect to reference XLPE, is obtained with voltage stabilizers, which carry short (methyl) side chains that are linked to the benzil core via an ester or tertiary amine group. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 1047–1054

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“…Several publications show that the addition of voltage stabilizers improves the resistance towards electrical treeing significantly [3,4]. In addition, there are also a few commercially available antioxidants and ultra violet (UV) stabilizers that are claimed to have electrical tree inhibiting properties [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical tree inhibition by voltage stabilizers

Jarvid

Johansson

Englund

et al. 2012

2012 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena

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Electrical treeing is one of the main degradation mechanisms in polymer dielectrics at highly divergent electric fields and can, if initiated, cause dielectric breakdown as soon as an electrical tree channel has bridged the insulation. One way of increasing resistance to electrical treeing is the addition of certain organic additives such as polycyclic aromatic compounds or benzophenone-like structures. These additives act as voltage stabilizers that are believed to capture high energy electrons and dissipate their energy, preventing degradation of the polymer matrix by the impact of "hot electrons". In this study, a benzil type compound is evaluated as voltage stabilizer in a superclean cross-linked polyethylene compound used for high voltage cable applications. The stabilizing effect of the additives is measured using test objects of wire-plane electrode geometry in ramped AC voltage experiments. For determining tree initiation conditions, optical detection is used and correlated to voltage measurements. In this way, the initiation voltage of each single tree is determined. Results show that the investigated voltage stabilizer raises the electrical tree inception level significantly. The stabilizing effect is dependent on voltage ramp rate and using a lower ramp rate results in a more pronounced effect of the stabilizer.

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Quantum mechanical criteria for choosing appropriate voltage stabilization additives for polyethylene

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

A New Application Area for Fullerenes: Voltage Stabilizers for Power Cable Insulation

A New Application Area for Fullerenes: Voltage Stabilizers for Power Cable Insulation

Tailored side‐chain architecture of benzil voltage stabilizers for enhanced dielectric strength of cross‐linked polyethylene

Electrical tree inhibition by voltage stabilizers

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