Quantum Langevin model for nonequilibrium condensation

Chiocchetta, Alessio; Carusotto, Iacopo

doi:10.1103/physreva.90.023633

Cited by 48 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…29,30). Instead, in the present study a coherent set of conduction electrons and valence holes for the exciton degrees of freedom is considered which has strong influence on the excitonic polarization A(k, ω), though rather little influence on the luminescence function B(q, ω).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-state and spectral signatures of cavity exciton-polariton condensates

2016

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We propose a projector-based renormalization framework to study exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensation in a microcavity matter-light system. Treating Coulomb interaction and electronhole/photon coupling effects on an equal footing, we analyze the ground-state properties of the exciton-polariton model according to the detuning and the excitation density. We demonstrate that the condensate by its nature shows a crossover from an excitonic insulator (of Bose-Einstein, respectively, BCS type) to a polariton and finally photonic condensed state as the excitation density increases at large detuning. If the detuning is weak, polariton or photonic phases dominate. While in both cases a notable renormalization of the quasiparticle band structure occurs that strongly affects the coherent part of the excitonic luminescence, the incoherent wave-vector-resolved luminescence spectrum develops a flat bottom only for small detuning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-state and spectral signatures of cavity exciton-polariton condensates

2016

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“…B), and transforms the disorder part, i.e., the second line of Eq. (162), to a time non-local quartic contribution…”

Section: Keldysh Action and Saddle Point Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems

2016

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Recent experimental developments in diverse areas -ranging from cold atomic gases to light-driven semiconductors to microcavity arrays -move systems into the focus which are located on the interface of quantum optics, many-body physics and statistical mechanics. They share in common that coherent and driven-dissipative quantum dynamics occur on an equal footing, creating genuine non-equilibrium scenarios without immediate counterpart in equilibrium condensed matter physics. This concerns both their non-thermal stationary states, as well as their many-body time evolution. It is a challenge to theory to identify novel instances of universal emergent macroscopic phenomena, which are tied unambiguously and in an observable way to the microscopic drive conditions. In this review, we discuss some recent results in this direction. Moreover, we provide a systematic introduction to the open system Keldysh functional integral approach, which is the proper technical tool to accomplish a merger of quantum optics and many-body physics, and leverages the power of modern quantum field theory to driven open quantum systems. CONTENTS

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“…Its solu-tions are Bogoliubov modes of sound [55,56] or collective breathing [57] or scissors [58] modes. It can be derived from Maxwell's equations [59], and coincides with the mean of the equations coming from quantum field treatments [46,47]. Interactions in photon BEC are expected to include retarded thermo-optic effects, and nonlocal effects have also been considered [60].…”

Section: Mean-field Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bose-Einstein condensation of photons from the thermodynamic limit to small photon numbers

Nyman

Walker

2017

Journal of Modern Optics

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Photons can come to thermal equilibrium at room temperature by scattering multiple times from a fluorescent dye. By confining the light and dye in a microcavity, a minimum energy is set and the photons can then show Bose-Einstein condensation. We present here the physical principles underlying photon thermalization and condensation, and review the literature on the subject. We then explore the 'small' regime where very few photons are needed for condensation. We compare thermal equilibrium results to a rate-equation model of microlasers, which includes spontaneous emission into the cavity, and we note that small systems result in ambiguity in the definition of threshold. FOREWORDThis article is written in memory of Danny Segal, who was a colleague of one of us (Rob Nyman) in the Quantum Optics and Laser Science group at Imperial College for many years. The topic of this article touches on the subject of dye lasers, the stuff of nightmares for any AMO physicist of his generation, but a stronger connection to Danny is that he was very supportive of my application for the fellowship that pushed my career forward, and funded this research. One of Danny's quirks was a strong dislike of flying. As a consequence, I had the pleasure of joining him on a 24 hour, four-train journey from London to Italy to a conference. That's a lot of time for story telling and forging memories for life. Danny was one of the good guys, and I sorely miss his good humour and advice.This article presents a gentle introduction to thermalization and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of photons in dye-filled microcavities, followed by a review of the state of the art. We then note the similarity to microlasers, particularly when there are very few photons involved. We compare a simple non-equilibrium model for microlasers with an even simpler thermal equilibrium model for BEC and show that the models coincide for similar values of a 'smallness' parameter.

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Quantum Langevin model for nonequilibrium condensation

Cited by 48 publications

References 65 publications

Ground-state and spectral signatures of cavity exciton-polariton condensates

Ground-state and spectral signatures of cavity exciton-polariton condensates

Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems

Bose-Einstein condensation of photons from the thermodynamic limit to small photon numbers

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