Quantum Image Encryption Based on Quantum DNA Codec and Pixel-Level Scrambling

Abstract

In order to increase the security and robustness of quantum images, this study combined the quantum DNA codec with quantum Hilbert scrambling to offer an enhanced quantum image encryption technique. Initially, to accomplish pixel-level diffusion and create enough key space for the picture, a quantum DNA codec was created to encode and decode the pixel color information of the quantum image using its special biological properties. Second, we used quantum Hilbert scrambling to muddle the image position data in order to double the encryption effect. In order to enhance the encryption effect, the altered picture was then employed as a key matrix in a quantum XOR operation with the original image. The inverse transformation of the encryption procedure may be used to decrypt the picture since all the quantum operations employed in this research are reversible. The two-dimensional optical image encryption technique presented in this study may significantly strengthen the anti-attack of quantum picture, according to experimental simulation and result analysis. The correlation chart demonstrates that the average information entropy of the RGB three channels is more than 7.999, the average NPCR and UACI are respectively 99.61% and 33.42%, and the peak value of the ciphertext picture histogram is uniform. It offers more security and robustness than earlier algorithms and can withstand statistical analysis and differential assaults.

Chaotic Color Image Encryption Based on Eight-Base DNA-Level Permutation and Diffusion

“…It can be seen that the IEs of these plain color images are far below the maximum theoretical value 8, while the IEs of all the cipher images except for the method of Ref. [ 51 ] achieve a range from 7.9992 to 7.9994. Moreover, among the approaches, the proposed EDPD obtains the highest IEs in 13 out of 24 cases and has the most occurrences, followed by the scheme of Ref.…”

“…Notably, the first five images are widely used standard test images, while the last three are available from Ref. [ 51 ].…”

“…[ 34 ], with 8 out of 15 cases; and that of Ref. [ 51 ], with 2 out of 9 cases. Therefore, the presented EDPD is advantageous over or comparable with other approaches in terms of IE, effectively resisting entropy attacks.…”

“…Ref. [ 51 ] combined the quantum DNA codex with quantum Hilbert scrambling to present an enhanced quantum image encryption technique that offers high security with robustness and withstands statistical analysis and differential attacks. All of these schemes perform well for the high-security encryption of images.…”

Double quantum images encryption scheme based on chaotic system

“…Based on the FRQI model, Hou et al [26] proposed an effective quantum image scrambling algorithm. Gao et al [27] proposed an efficient quantum image encryption algorithm by applying quantum DNA coding and pixel-level scrambling. Meanwhile, several quantum image encryption algorithms implemented in the frequency domain have also been proposed.…”