Quantum Hall-like effect in electrochemical systems due to extra-dimension embedded in 3D graphene at room temperature

Abstract

In this work, we report for the first time, the quantization effect occurred at room temperature in an electrochemical system. The setup where it occurred was electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto three-dimensional microstructure graphene (GF) under certain applied potential. This is the first time that this quantum phenomenon occurs in solutions under electrochemical experiment. This effect might be described as quantum coherency in extra dimension embedded in three-dimensional microstructure of graphene foam which approximately hold radius around 100 µm. Possible explanation was proposed that the quantum effect occurs due to quantization in extra dimension when certain conditions were met. Our simplified quantum calculation could be used to fit with the experimental data. The quantization behaviors were observed in both silver and gold electrodeposition on GF. Primary theoretical description was explained in this article using Landauer formalism and Polyakov action from string theory. However, the concrete theoretical explanation could possibly be further elaborated or explained in a different way (Supplementary data contains the experimented videos).