Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits

Chizzini, Mario; Crippa, Luca; Luca, Zaccardi,; Macaluso, Emilio; Carretta, S.; Chiesa, Alessandro; Santini, P.

doi:10.1039/d2cp01228f

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…Examples of electronic spin systems promising for implementing this code are given by Gd 3+ (electronic spin S = 7/2) monomers [196] or dimers [220] or by transition metal dimers, as proposed, e.g. in [169]. Another possibility, offered by the flexibility of chemistry, is to improve the performance of a processing molecular qubit by adding a magnetic ion with a nuclear spin qudit acting as a quantum memory with QEC.…”

Section: Molecular Spin Qudits As Protected Logical Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect can be reduced by engineering the pulses in order to reduce their duration without increasing leakage to neighboring levels (an effect usually induced by fast, spectroscopically broad, pulses). For instance, one could employ derivative removal by adiabatic gate (DRAG) methods as in [169,260,261] or optimal quantum control techniques [127], which, in turn, also suppress possible leakage during manipulations. However, a residual relevant not-correctable error will always be present unless one designs bias-preserving schemes for error correction and implementation of logical gates.…”

Section: Towards a Fault-tolerant Quantum Processormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular nanomagnets: a viable path toward quantum information processing?

Chiesa,

Santini,

Garlatti

et al. 2024

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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Molecular nanomagnets (MNMs), molecules containing interacting spins, have been a playground for quantum mechanics. They are characterized by many accessible low-energy levels that can be exploited to store and process quantum information. This naturally opens the possibility of using them as qudits, thus enlarging the tools of quantum logic with respect to qubit-based architectures. These additional degrees of freedom recently prompted the proposal for encoding qubits with embedded quantum error correction (QEC) in single molecules. QEC is the holy grail of quantum computing and this qudit approach could circumvent the large overhead of physical qubits typical of standard multi-qubit codes. Another important strength of the molecular approach is the extremely high degree of control achieved in preparing complex supramolecular structures where individual qudits are linked preserving their individual properties and coherence. This is particularly relevant for building quantum simulators, controllable systems able to mimic the dynamics of other quantum objects. The use of MNMs for quantum information processing is a rapidly evolving field which still requires to be fully experimentally explored. The key issues to be settled are related to scaling up the number of qudits/qubits and their individual addressing. Several promising possibilities are being intensively explored, ranging from the use of single-molecule transistors or superconducting devices to optical readout techniques. Moreover, new tools from chemistry could be also at hand, like the chiral-induced spin selectivity. In this paper, we will review the present status of this interdisciplinary research field, discuss the open challenges and envisioned solution paths which could finally unleash the very large potential of molecular spins for quantum technologies.

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Section: Molecular Spin Qudits As Protected Logical Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Towards a Fault-tolerant Quantum Processormentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular nanomagnets: a viable path toward quantum information processing?

Chiesa,

Santini,

Garlatti

et al. 2024

Rep. Prog. Phys.

Self Cite

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“…Most importantly, they can display many accessible levels providing multilevel elementary units (qudit) that increase the power of quantum logic [ 45–47 ] and support quantum error correction embedded within single molecules. [ 32–34,48,49 ] The ingenious design of the electronic structure has also enabled a promising step toward optical initialization and readout of molecular spin qubits with interesting perspectives for integration in quantum networks. [ 50,51 ] Finally, molecular spins can be processed into hybrid structures and organized on surfaces [ 35–40,43 ] or within superconducting resonators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chirality‐Induced Spin Selectivity: An Enabling Technology for Quantum Applications

et al. 2023

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Molecular spins are promising building blocks of future quantum technologies thanks to the unparalleled flexibility provided by chemistry, which allows the design of complex structures targeted for specific applications. However, their weak interaction with external stimuli makes it difficult to access their state at the single‐molecule level, a fundamental tool for their use, for example, in quantum computing and sensing. Here, an innovative solution exploiting the interplay between chirality and magnetism using the chirality‐induced spin selectivity effect on electron transfer processes is foreseen. It is envisioned to use a spin‐to‐charge conversion mechanism that can be realized by connecting a molecular spin qubit to a dyad where an electron donor and an electron acceptor are linked by a chiral bridge. By numerical simulations based on realistic parameters, it is shown that the chirality‐induced spin selectivity effect could enable initialization, manipulation, and single‐spin readout of molecular qubits and qudits even at relatively high temperatures.

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“…Molecular magnetic materials offer possibilities to circumvent some of these limitations and therefore constitute a very promising avenue for the next-generation quantum information technology devices. − Unlike many other candidates, molecular magnetic materials routinely display many low energy states compatible with the encoding of qubits and even acting as integrated quantum processors, the additional levels providing the capability to expand the dimension of the computational space or to efficiently encode quantum error correction algorithms. − The critical parameter for the suitability of such materials for use in quantum information devices is the phase memory time, T m , reflecting the time for which the state in which information is encoded retains its phase coherence . Decoherence, the interaction of the quantum system with its environment, results in loss of superposition and/or entanglement, collapsing the dynamic state of the system to its thermal equilibrium static eigenvectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dipolar-Coupled Entangled Molecular 4f Qubits

et al. 2023

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We demonstrate by use of continuous wave-and pulseelectron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy on oriented single crystals of magnetically dilute Yb III ions in Yb 0.01 Lu 0.99 (trensal) that molecular entangled two-qubit systems can be constructed by exploiting dipolar interactions between neighboring Yb III centers. Furthermore, we show that the phase memory time and Rabi frequencies of these dipolar-interaction-coupled entangled two-qubit systems are comparable to the ones of the corresponding single qubits.

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Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits

Abstract: Molecular multi-level spin qudits are very promising for quantum computing, embedding quantum error correction within single objects. We compare the performance of electronic/nuclear molecular qudits in the implementation of quantum error correction.

Cited by 18 publications

References 67 publications

Molecular nanomagnets: a viable path toward quantum information processing?

Molecular nanomagnets: a viable path toward quantum information processing?

Chirality‐Induced Spin Selectivity: An Enabling Technology for Quantum Applications

Dipolar-Coupled Entangled Molecular 4f Qubits

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