Quantum entanglement between an optical photon and a solid-state spin qubit

Togan, Emre; Chu, Yiwen; Trifonov, Alexei; Jiang, Liang; Maze, J. R.; Childress, Lilian; Dutt, Meenakshi; Sørensen, Anders S.; Hemmer, Philip; Zibrov, A. S.; Lukin, Mikhail D.

doi:10.1038/nature09256

Cited by 1,068 publications

(1,041 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among these systems, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond exhibit a set of particularly desirable features: individual centers can be initialized and read out optically, 1-4 possess naturally long coherence times even at room temperature, [5][6][7] and can be controlled 8 using magnetic fields, 9-12 optical excitations, [13][14][15][16][17] and electric fields. [18][19][20] As a result, the NV centers have attracted much attention as prospective qubits for quantum information processing, 4,7,15,16,[21][22][23][24][25] and as nanoscale sensors. 20,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Efficiency of the NV-based devices critically depends on the NV spin coherence time, which is controlled by the coupling to the spins of substitutional nitrogen atoms and/or to the bath of 13 C nuclear spins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay of the rotary echoes for the spin of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

Mkhitaryan

Dobrovitski

2014

Phys. Rev. B

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We study dynamics of the electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center subjected to a strong driving field with periodically reversed direction (train of rotary echoes). We use analytical and numerical tools to analyze in detail the form and timescales of decay of the rotary echo train, modeling the decohering spin environment as a random magnetic field. We demonstrate that the problem can be exactly mapped onto a model of spin 1 coupled to a single bosonic mode with imaginary frequency. This mapping allows comprehensive analytical investigation beyond the standard BlochRedfield-type approaches. We explore the decay of the rotary echo train under assumption of strong driving, and identify the most important regimes of the decay. The analytical results are compared with the direct numerical simulations to confirm quantitative accuracy of our study. We present the results for realistic environment of substitutional nitrogen atoms (P1 centers), and provide a simplified but accurate description for decay of the rotary echo train of the NV center's spin. The approach presented here can also be used to study decoherence and longitudinal relaxation of other spin systems under conditions of strong driving.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay of the rotary echoes for the spin of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

Mkhitaryan

Dobrovitski

2014

Phys. Rev. B

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“…The proposed scheme can be implemented efficiently at low temperatures (T<8 K) in a low strain (≈1. [14]. At such temperatures the optical transitions are well resolved allowing for resonant excitation to perform efficient initialization and projective high-fidelity single shot readout on the electron spin.…”

Section: Fig 1 Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…necessary high-fidelity quantum error correction [11]. Furthermore, the NV electron spin can be entangled with an emitted optical photon [14,15] and further quantum entanglement [16] and quantum teleportation [17] between two remote NV centers have already been experimentally demonstrated. We have also recently demonstrated the ability of this solid-state device to store quantum information from a light field into the defect spins and a repetitive readout of the memory, essential for scalable networks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Generation of entangled photon strings using NV centers in diamond

2015

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We present a scheme to generate entangled photons using the NV centers in diamond. We show how the long-lived nuclear spin in diamond can mediate entanglement between multiple photons thereby increasing the length of entangled photon string. With the proposed scheme one could generate both n-photon GHZ and cluster states. We present an experimental scheme realizing the same and estimating the rate of entanglement generation both in the presence and absence of a cavity.With controlled generation and manipulation, quantum states of light are efficient carriers of quantum information with applications in quantum computing (QC), communications and cryptography. One of the major drawbacks with optical quantum information processing (QIP) is the absence of suitable nonlinear interactions to realize universal quantum gates, for example a CNOT gate between two photonic qubits. To overcome this difficulty one may choose the implementation of desired quantum computation through a one-way quantum computer model [1] which requires the initialization of the quantum register in a globally entangled cluster state. The computation is then followed by performing only single qubit measurements. The one-way quantum computer or the measurement-based quantum computation using photonic qubits (polarization states) has already been shown to be a fault-tolerant model for QC and is tolerant to qubit losses [2]. The main hurdle in realizing optical QIP using this scheme is the generation of multi-qubit cluster state, the key initialization step of the model. While the experimental implementations succeeded to generate 6-qubit photonic cluster state optically [3], scaling this number further is not so clear. To this end there have been proposals to use solid-state emitters such as a periodically pumped quantum dot (QD) for the generation of a one-dimensional cluster states [4,5]. In this work we consider another possible solidstate system, the NV centers in diamond, to generate multi-photon entangled states.The NV center provides a hybrid spin system in which electron spins are used for fast [6], high-fidelity control [7] and readout [8,9], and nuclear spins are wellisolated from their environment yielding ultra-long coherence time [10]. Electron and nuclear spins could form a small-scale quantum register [11][12][13] allowing for e.g. necessary high-fidelity quantum error correction [11]. Furthermore, the NV electron spin can be entangled with an emitted optical photon [14,15] and further quantum entanglement [16] and quantum teleportation [17] between two remote NV centers have already been experimentally demonstrated. We have also recently demonstrated the ability of this solid-state device to store quantum information from a light field into the defect spins and a repetitive readout of the memory, essential for scalable networks. In addition there have been other proposals to create large scalable QIP in diamond using a photonic architecture [18] where cluster/topological states of the long-lived nuclear spins in various defect center...

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“…We overcome the need of a metastable state and avoid the multiphoton emission probability p 2 that is inherent to all previous implementations of time-bin-entanglement generation. Our source opens up possibilities for the transfer of spin-photon entanglement [26][27][28][29] over long distances, hyperentanglement [30], quantum dense coding [31], and deterministic entanglement purification [32], and could be developed further for integration in compact and scalable quantum information devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single pairs of time-bin-entangled photons

et al. 2015

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Original citationVersteegh, M. A. M., Reimer, M. E., van den Berg, A. A., Juska, G., Dimastrodonato, V., Gocalinska, A., Pelucchi, E. and Zwiller, V. (2015) ' Time-bin-entangled photons are ideal for long-distance quantum communication via optical fibers. Here we present a source where, even at high creation rates, each excitation pulse generates, at most, one time-bin-entangled pair. This is important for the accuracy and security of quantum communication. Our site-controlled quantum dot generates single polarization-entangled photon pairs, which are then converted, without loss of entanglement strength, into single time-bin-entangled photon pairs.

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Quantum entanglement between an optical photon and a solid-state spin qubit

Cited by 1,068 publications

References 37 publications

Decay of the rotary echoes for the spin of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

Decay of the rotary echoes for the spin of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

Generation of entangled photon strings using NV centers in diamond

Single pairs of time-bin-entangled photons

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