Quantum efficiency of alexandrite

Shand, M. L.

doi:10.1063/1.332332

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The obtained value using the results from the emission under 450 nm excitation was 31%. This value can be compared to other Cr 3+ -doped systems [54][55][56] and is greater than the value obtained for LiNbO 3 :ZnO:Cr 3+ (QE = 10%) [54] and mullite glass (QE = 28%) [55] but very far from that of alexandrite (QE = 95%) [56].…”

Section: Emission and Excitation Spectramentioning

confidence: 52%

Broadband photoluminescence in a ceramic (Mg2SnO4–SnO2):Cr3+ system

et al. 2021

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This study reports the synthesis and photoluminescence spectroscopic studies of Cr3+-doped Mg2SnO4–SnO2 ceramics. The crystal structure was analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, and photoluminescence was investigated at room temperature. The diffractogram confirmed the presence of Mg2SnO4 and SnO2 phases. Photoluminescence spectroscopy identified broad and intense emission bands assigned to the Cr3+ cation occupation in octahedral Mg2SnO4 sites and an orange band assigned to SnO2 emission. All spectra were analyzed and interpreted according to crystal field theory and Tanabe–Sugano theory for the d3 electronic configuration. The broad and intense emission band covering the visible/near-infrared region suggests that this system may be a promising material for use as an active medium in a broadband light source at room temperature.

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Section: Emission and Excitation Spectramentioning

confidence: 52%

Broadband photoluminescence in a ceramic (Mg2SnO4–SnO2):Cr3+ system

et al. 2021

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“…Several groups have attempted to use a variety of techniques to characterize laser materials, including integrating spheres [2], photocaloric methods [3], [4], photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) [5]- [7], and photopyroelectric spectroscopy (PPES) [8], [9]. Upon evaluating these experimental techniques, we defined a set of criteria that are relevant to the problem of laser crystal evaluation in an industrial crystal growth setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostics of nonradiative defects in the bulk and surface of Brewster-cut Ti:sapphire laser materials using photothermal radiometry

Vanniasinkam

Munidasa

Othonos

et al. 1997

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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The understanding of the problem of nonradiative energy conversion in solid-state laser materials is a key factor in improving the overall efficiency of solid-state lasers. Furthermore, the reduction of the heat generated in an optically pumped laser crystal can lead to several new applications of solid-state lasers, especially in the high-power region. To improve the quality of grown crystals, laser crystal growers require accurate techniques to perform the quality control that is so vital to improving the growth process.Using a time-domain approach and a time-domain theoretical treatment of the IR radiative emission signal, it was determined that one may probe nonradiative surface and bulk processes by monitoring different time ranges. Our results show that photothermal radiometry can be used as a single-ended technique to evaluate both the bulk and surface nonradiative energy conversion rates in a solid-state laser material. This technique was compared to the standard laser cavity technique and it was concluded that photothermal radiometry can provide additional information to the standard technique by identifying the sources of heat generation as either surface-or bulk-originating.

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“…The radiative quantum efficiency of a laser material (η RE ) is defined as the average number of fluorescent photons per an excited ion in the upper laser level [59], and determines the ratio of useful radiative/fluorescent transitions from the upper laser level. Interestingly, the radiative quantum efficiency of Alexandrite at low temperatures is measured to be close to unity (0.95 ±0.05) for temperatures up to 400°C [57,58]. Hence, the fluorescence lifetime (τ F ), which is also known as the laser upper-state lifetime, is almost identical to radiative lifetime for temperatures below ∼350°C.…”

Section: Radiative and Fluorescence Lifetime Of Alexandritementioning

confidence: 87%

“…The intrinsic radiative lifetime of the metastable 2 E storage level (τ E ) is 1.54 ms, whereas the intrinsic radiative lifetime of the phonon-broadened 4 T 2 upper state laser level (τ T ) is only 6.6 µs. The strength of interaction between these levels as well as the effective radiative lifetime (τ R ) of the system is temperature dependent and could be calculated using [57,58]:…”

Section: Radiative and Fluorescence Lifetime Of Alexandritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…where p E (T) and p T (T) are the temperature dependent radiative transition probability (relative population density) of the 2 E storage level and the 4 T 2 upper state laser level, respectively. Assuming quasi-thermodynamic equilibrium, using Boltzmann statistics, one can derive the following formula for the estimation of effective radiation lifetime [57,58]:…”

Section: Radiative and Fluorescence Lifetime Of Alexandritementioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature dependence of Alexandrite effective emission cross section and small signal gain over the 25-450 °C range

Demırbas¹,

Sennaroğlu²,

Kärtner³

2019

Opt. Mater. Express

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We present detailed measurements of effective emission cross section spectra of the Alexandrite gain medium in the 25-450°C temperature range and provide analytic formulas that can be used to match the measured spectra. The measurement results have been used to investigate the wavelength and temperature dependence of small signal gain, as well as gain bandwidth relevant for ultrafast pulse generation/amplification. We show that the estimated laser performance based on the measured spectroscopic data provides a good fit to the results in the literature. We further discuss the need for a detailed measurement of excited-state absorption cross section in future studies.

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Quantum efficiency of alexandrite

Abstract: The first measurement of the radiative quantum efficiency (QE) of alexandrite has been determined using a photoacoustic (PA) technique which depends on the phase of the PA signal as a function of chopping frequency. The measured QE=0.95±0.05.

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Broadband photoluminescence in a ceramic (Mg2SnO4–SnO2):Cr3+ system

Broadband photoluminescence in a ceramic (Mg2SnO4–SnO2):Cr3+ system

Diagnostics of nonradiative defects in the bulk and surface of Brewster-cut Ti:sapphire laser materials using photothermal radiometry

Temperature dependence of Alexandrite effective emission cross section and small signal gain over the 25-450 °C range

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