Derivative couplings near a conical
intersection and spin–orbit
couplings between different spin states are known to facilitate nonadiabatic
transitions in molecular systems. Here, we investigate a prototypical
electronic energy transfer process, I(2
P
3/2) + O2(a
1Δ
g
) → I(2
P
1/2) + O2(X
3Σ
g
–), which is of great importance for the chemical oxygen–iodine
laser. To understand the nonadiabatic dynamics, this multistate process
is investigated in full dimensionality with quantum wave packets using
diabatic potential energy surfaces coupled by both derivative and
spin–orbit couplings, all determined from first principles.
A near quantitative agreement with structural, energetic, and kinetic
measurements is achieved. Detailed analyses suggest that the nonadiabatic
dynamics is largely controlled by derivative coupling near conical
intersections, which leads to a small effective barrier and hence
a slightly positive temperature dependence of the rate coefficient.
The new results should extend our understanding of energy transfer,
provide a quantitative basis for numerical simulations of the chemical
oxygen–iodine laser, and have important implications in other
electronic energy transfer processes.