“…Therefore, in the future, only a few selected optically active atoms or ions in a solid will form the 'core' of the quantum photonic devices. Some fascinating applications that could work with only a few atoms in a solid host are: (1) spectral storage, where the information is stored in the optical spectrum of a small number of selected atoms in a solid, (2) quantum computing with a few optically addressable atoms, and, (3) coherent control of nuclear states with a laser [4][5][6][7]. In all these and similar atomic scale applications, there are severe constraints imposed on the energy level structure of the host, the optically active ion, its nucleus, and even the nuclei of the host material.…”