Quantity and quality of groundwater discharge in a hypersaline lake environment

Anderson, RAY; Naftz, David L.; Day‐Lewis, Frederick D.; Henderson, Rory D.; Rosenberry, Donald O.; Stolp, B.J.; Jewell, Paul W.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.040

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although the groundwater discharge fluxes obtained from the different methods were in the same order of magnitude, it is clear that both the location and the range of fluxes differ considerably depending on the methodology. This has been reported in other studies (e.g., [32]) and highlights the importance of complementing methods for obtaining groundwater exchange fluxes with other hydrological measurements.…”

Section: Comparison Of Seepage Meter and Thermal Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of Temperature Profiling and Seepage Meter Methods for Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Coastal Lagoons: Impacts of Saltwater Intrusion and the Associated Thermal Regime

Tirado-Conde

Engesgaard

Karan

et al. 2019

Water

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Surface water-groundwater interactions were studied in a coastal lagoon performing 180 seepage meter measurements and using heat as a tracer in 30 locations along a lagoon inlet. The direct seepage meter measurements were compared with the results from analytical solutions for the 1D heat transport equation in three different scenarios: (1) Homogeneous bulk thermal conductivity (Ke); (2) horizontal heterogeneity in Ke; and (3) horizontal and vertical heterogeneity in Ke. The proportion of fresh groundwater and saline recirculated lagoon water collected from the seepage experiment was used to infer the location of the saline wedge and its effect on both the seepage meter results and the thermal regime in the lagoon bed, conditioning the use of the thermal methods. The different scenarios provided the basis for a better understanding of the underlying processes in a coastal groundwater-discharging area, a key factor to apply the best-suited method to characterize such processes. The thermal methods were more reliable in areas with high fresh groundwater discharge than in areas with high recirculation of saline lagoon water. The seepage meter experiments highlighted the importance of geochemical water sampling to estimate the origin of the exchanged water through the lagoon bed.

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Section: Comparison Of Seepage Meter and Thermal Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of Temperature Profiling and Seepage Meter Methods for Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Coastal Lagoons: Impacts of Saltwater Intrusion and the Associated Thermal Regime

Tirado-Conde

Engesgaard

Karan

et al. 2019

Water

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“…While the abundance of ions is higher in the NA than the SA, the composition of ions is similar between these two areas (Domagalski, Orem, & Eugster, ). Adding to the effects of salinity, mirabilite deposits on the lake bottom or in the subsurface from past extreme drought conditions contribute to salinity and nutrient supply to GSL (Anderson et al., ; Oviatt et al., ), perhaps influenced by the faults cross‐cutting the lake bottom (Fig. A) (Velasco, Bennett, Johnson, & Hreinsdóttir, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adding to the effects of salinity, mirabilite deposits on the lake bottom or in the subsurface from past extreme drought conditions contribute to salinity and nutrient supply to GSL (Anderson et al, 2014;Oviatt et al, 2015), perhaps influenced by the faults cross-cutting the lake bottom ( Fig. 1A) (Velasco, Bennett, Johnson, & Hreinsdóttir, 2010).…”

Section: Gsl Occupies One Of the Lowest Depressions In The Great Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbialite response to an anthropogenic salinity gradient in Great Salt Lake, Utah

et al. 2016

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A railroad causeway across Great Salt Lake, Utah (GSL), has restricted water flow since its construction in 1959, resulting in a more saline North Arm (NA; 24%-31% salinity) and a less saline South Arm (SA; 11%-14% salinity). Here, we characterized microbial carbonates collected from the SA and the NA to evaluate the effect of increased salinity on community composition and abundance and to determine whether the communities present in the NA are still actively precipitating carbonate or if they are remnant features from prior to causeway construction. SSU rRNA gene abundances associated with the NA microbialite were three orders of magnitude lower than those associated with the SA microbialite, indicating that the latter community is more productive. SSU rRNA gene sequencing and functional gene microarray analyses indicated that SA and NA microbialite communities are distinct. In particular, abundant sequences affiliated with photoautotrophic taxa including cyanobacteria and diatoms that may drive carbonate precipitation and thus still actively form microbialites were identified in the SA microbialite; sequences affiliated with photoautotrophic taxa were in low abundance in the NA microbialite. SA and NA microbialites comprise smooth prismatic aragonite crystals. However, the SA microbialite also contained micritic aragonite, which can be formed as a result of biological activity. Collectively, these observations suggest that NA microbialites are likely to be remnant features from prior to causeway construction and indicate a strong decrease in the ability of NA microbialite communities to actively precipitate carbonate minerals. Moreover, the results suggest a role for cyanobacteria and diatoms in carbonate precipitation and microbialite formation in the SA of GSL.

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“…Porewater SO 4 2 − and Cl − concentrations co-varied (Table 2) and were generally consistent with the 0.05 SO 4 2 − /Cl − molar ratio of marine systems (Langmuir, 1997). However, sediment porewater from the South Shore location had a SO 4 2− /Cl − molar ratio of 1.31, which may be indicative of input from subsurface mirabilite evaporates that have been identified in various locations throughout GSL (Anderson et al, 2014). Further deviations from the 0.05 SO 4 2− /Cl − molar ratio of marine systems may be due to consumption of SO 4 2− by sulfate reducing bacteria, which have been shown to be present and active in GSL sediments (Brandt et al, 2001).…”

Section: Site Description and Sediment Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of salinity on mercury methylating benthic microbes and their activities in Great Salt Lake, Utah

Boyd

Barkay

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Surface water and biota from Great Salt Lake (GSL) contain some of the highest documented concentrations of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in the United States. In order to identify potential biological sources of MeHg and controls on its production in this ecosystem, THg and MeHg concentrations, rates of Hg(II)-methylation and MeHg degradation, and abundances and compositions of archaeal and bacterial 16 rRNA gene transcripts were determined in sediment along a salinity gradient in GSL. Rates of Hg(II)-methylation were inversely correlated with salinity and were at or below the limits of detection in sediment sampled from areas with hypersaline surface water. The highest rates of Hg(II)-methylation were measured in sediment with low porewater salinity, suggesting that benthic microbial communities inhabiting less saline environments are supplying the majority of MeHg in the GSL ecosystem. The abundance of 16S rRNA gene transcripts affiliated with the sulfate reducer Desulfobacterium sp. was positively correlated with MeHg concentrations and Hg(II)-methylation rates in sediment, indicating a potential role for this taxon in Hg(II)-methylation in low salinity areas of GSL. Reactive inorganic Hg(II) (a proxy used for Hg(II) available for methylation) and MeHg concentrations were inversely correlated with salinity. Thus, constraints imposed by salinity on Hg(II)-methylating populations and the availability of Hg(II) for methylation are inferred to result in higher MeHg production potentials in lower salinity environments. Benthic microbial MeHg degradation was also most active in lower salinity environments. Collectively, these results suggest an important role for sediment anoxia and microbial sulfate reducers in the production of MeHg in low salinity GSL sub-habitats and may indicate a role for salinity in constraining Hg(II)-methylation and MeHg degradation activities by influencing the availability of Hg(II) for methylation.

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Quantity and quality of groundwater discharge in a hypersaline lake environment

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of Temperature Profiling and Seepage Meter Methods for Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Coastal Lagoons: Impacts of Saltwater Intrusion and the Associated Thermal Regime

Evaluation of Temperature Profiling and Seepage Meter Methods for Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Coastal Lagoons: Impacts of Saltwater Intrusion and the Associated Thermal Regime

Microbialite response to an anthropogenic salinity gradient in Great Salt Lake, Utah

Effect of salinity on mercury methylating benthic microbes and their activities in Great Salt Lake, Utah

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