Quantitatively assessing the effect of exposure time and cooling time of fabric assemblies representative of those used in firefighter clothing on the thermal protection

He, Jiazhen; Li, Jun

doi:10.1002/fam.2341

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, the t peak showed an increase with the increase of fabric layer, which was related to the thickness of fabric system and the total heat exposure time. The rising of fabric thickness and exposure time both increased the total thermal energy stored in fabric system, which increased the amount of heat discharge after the exposure. For double‐layer fabric system, the t peak for D1 with less thickness under the same compression was greater than that for D2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Yang

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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Summary The applied compression on firefighting protective clothing affects the physical properties of the designed system, which in return the thermal protective performance (TPP) could be changed. A modified TPP tester was proposed to investigate the effect of compression on performance of protective clothing. Three stages of heat exchange during firefighting, including heat exposure, heat discharge, and skin cooling, were defined to examine contribution of each stage to skin burn injury. Additionally, the influence of compression on thermal protection was compared under planar and cylindrical configurations. The results demonstrated that the applied compression significantly exacerbated skin burn injuries, while the further increase of the pressure had no significant effect on skin burn injuries. The thermal energy during heat discharge ranged from 42.2% to 64.5% of the maximum thermal energy, highly depending on the fabric properties, the applied compression, the heat discharge time, and the body configuration. The decrease of thermal energy during skin cooling stage only composed a small portion of total absorbed thermal energy, which was increased by the applied compression. The conclusions from this study could contribute to understanding the principle of thermal protection in different firefighting stages for reducing skin burn injury.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Yang

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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“…Previous research works had proved the positive effect of air gap without considering the discharge of stored energy in fabrics assemblies after exposure. Even if the dual effect of protective clothing was considered, the added air gap between the specimen and the sensor improved the thermal protection performance under 84 kW/m 2 heat flux (He and Li, 2016). On the one hand, the total stored thermal energy for fabric system during exposure predicted by Su, He and Li (2016a, b) and Su, Wang and Li (2016) increased when the air gap size increased in the range of 0-6.4 mm.…”

Section: Influence Of Air Gap On Tppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of air gaps characteristics on thermal protective performance of firefighters’ clothing

Deng

Wang

2018

Int Jnl of Clothing Sci & Tech

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to provide the details of developments to research works in the distribution characteristics of the air gaps within firefighters' clothing and research methods to evaluate the effect of air gaps on the thermal protective performance of firefighters' clothing. Design/methodology/approach -In this paper, the distribution of air gaps within firefighters' clothing was first analyzed, and the air gaps characteristics were summarized as thickness, location, heterogeneity, orientation and dynamics. Then, the evaluation of the air gap on the thermal protective performance of fighters' clothing was reviewed for both experimental and numerical studies. Findings -The air gaps within clothing layers and between clothing and skin play an important role in determining the thermal protective performance of firefighters' protective clothing. It is obvious that research works on the effects of actual air gaps entrapped in firefighters' clothing on thermal protection are comparatively few in number, primarily focusing on static and uniform air gaps at the fabric level. Further studies should be conducted to define the characteristic of air gap, deepen the understand of mechanism of heat transfer and numerically simulate the 3D dynamic heat transfer in clothing to improve the evaluation of thermal protective performance provided by the firefighters' clothing. Practical implications -Air gaps within thermal protective clothing play a crucial role in the protective performance of clothing and provide an efficient way to provide fire-fighting occupational safety. To accurately characterize the distribution of air gaps in firefighters' clothing under high heat exposure, the paper will provide guidelines for clothing engineers to design clothing for fighters and optimize the clothing performance. Originality/value -This paper is offered as a concise reference for researchers' further research in the area of the effect of air gaps within firefighters' clothing under thermal exposure.

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“…Thermal protective clothing is primarily designed to provide protection from all kinds of thermal hazards and prevent skin burn . Firefighters must wear protective clothing when they perform job duties in hazardous situations, eg, fighting fires and performing fire rescues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of enhancing thermal protective clothing performance by incorporating aerogel and phase change materials

Zhang

Song

Su³

et al. 2017

Fire and Materials

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Summary Thermal liners play a critical role in thermal protective performance for firefighter gear. Effective engineering of textile material is necessary to enhance this protective performance. A modified thermal protective erformance (TPP) tester was used to study the influence of incorporating aerogel and microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs) in thermal liners (including a traditional thermal liner, phase‐change layer, and aerogel layer) and the relevant parameters associated with enhanced thermal liner performance. Two different phase‐transition temperature (45°C and 50°C) of MPCM were selected. The samples were exposed to a medium intensity radiation of 15 kW/m2 for 240 seconds, and a skin burn model was applied for second‐degree burn prediction. Given the selected, results showed that the best TPP in this study was achieved when the phase‐transition temperature of MPCM was 45°C and the layering order consisted of the traditional thermal layer (closest to heat source), followed by an aerogel layer, and a final MPCM layer. The predicted second‐degree burn time was 218.3 seconds and increased by 90% compared with only containing traditional thermal liner with a thickness of 5 mm. For all 3 materials contained in the thermal liner, the relationship between absorbed energy and predicted second‐degree skin burn time indicated that they had a remarkable negative linear correlation (R2 was 0.9792). The experimental data and predicted results were in good agreement, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9911. The findings provide a scientific basis for future textile engineering and a novel approach to improve TPP.

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Quantitatively assessing the effect of exposure time and cooling time of fabric assemblies representative of those used in firefighter clothing on the thermal protection

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Effect of air gaps characteristics on thermal protective performance of firefighters’ clothing

An exploration of enhancing thermal protective clothing performance by incorporating aerogel and phase change materials

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