Quantitative Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Excitatory Synaptic Boutons in Layer 5 of the Adult Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex: A Fine-Scale Electron Microscopic Analysis

Yakoubi, Rachida; Rollenhagen, Astrid; Lehe, Marec von; Shao, Yachao; Sätzler, Kurt; Lübke, Joachim H. R.

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy146

Cited by 43 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…abundance of a spine apparatus confirms and support findings in rat L4 and L5(Rollenhagen et al 2015, 502 2018) and human L5 synaptic complexes in the TLN (~65%;Yakoubi et al 2018), but differs substantially 503 to hippocampal CA1 synapses where only a smaller fraction (~20%) of spines contained these structural 504 subelements(Martone et al 1996;Špaček and Harris 1997; Deller et al 2003). It has been demonstrated 505 that the abundance of a spine apparatus partially contribute in modulating short-and long-term potentiation 506Umeda et al 2005).…”

supporting

confidence: 71%

“…To determine the distribution 701 profile of the SVs, the minimal distance between each SV membrane to the contour lines of the PreAZ was 702 measured throughout the SB in every single image of the series. Large DCVs were only counted in the 703 image where they appeared largest (for details see Yakoubi et al 2018). 704…”

Section: Materials and Methods 583mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the same perimeter criteria as at human L5 SBs (Yakoubi et al 2018), the RRP/AZ was extremely 271 large with an average of 20.20 ± 18.57 at p10 nm and increased by nearly 2.5-fold (48.59 ± 39.02) at p20 272 nm. However, both pools were characterized by a large variability as indicated by the SD, CV and variance 273 (Table 2) However, no correlation was found between the RRP at p10 nm ( Fig.…”

Section: Structural Composition Of Azs In L4 Excitatory Sbs In the Humentioning

confidence: 98%

“…MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA; for details see Yakoubi et al 2018). Then a zero-mean normalization 775 was performed as the parameters had different units.…”

Section: Em Tomography Of L4 Sbs In the Tln 758mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, we performed a HCA on the simplified dataset composed of the PCs, as the 778 original data were not labeled ( Fig. 8, see also Yakoubi et al 2018). 779 780…”

Section: Em Tomography Of L4 Sbs In the Tln 758mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural heterogeneity of human layer 4 excitatory synaptic boutons in the adult temporal lobe neocortex

Yakoubi¹,

Rollenhagen²,

Lehe

et al. 2019

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28Synapses are fundamental building blocks that control and modulate the 'behavior' of brain networks. How 29 their structural composition, most notably their quantitative morphology underlies their computational 30properties remains rather unclear, particularly in humans. Here, excitatory synaptic boutons (SBs) in layer 31 4 (L4) of the temporal lobe neocortex (TLN) were quantitatively investigated. 32Biopsies from epilepsy surgery were used for fine-scale and tomographic electron microscopy to 33 generate 3D-reconstructions of SBs. Particularly, the size of active zones (AZs) and of the three functionally 34 defined pools of synaptic vesicles (SVs) were quantified. 35SBs were comparably small (~2.50 μm 2 ), with a single AZ (~0.13 µm 2 ) and preferentially established on 36 spines. SBs had a total pool of ~1800SVs with strikingly large readily releasable (~ 20), recycling (~ 80) 37 and resting pools (~850). 38Thus, human L4 SBs may act as 'amplifiers' of signals from the sensory periphery and integrate, 39 synchronize and modulate intra-and extra-cortical synaptic activity. 40 41 Introduction 42The neocortex of various animal species including non-human primates (NHPs) and humans is characterized 43 by its six-layered structure, the organization into vertical oriented functional slabs so-called cortical columns 44and a system of long-range horizontal axonal collaterals that connect neurons in the same (intra-laminar) 45 and in different (trans-laminar) cortical layers of a given brain area but also with trans-regional projections 46 to different brain regions (reviewed by Rockland and De Felipe 2018). 47The human TLN representing ~17% of the total volume of the neocortex (Kiernan 2012) is regarded as 48 a highly specialized associative brain region roughly subdivided into a superior, medial and inferior gyrus 49 that is highly interconnected with the limbic and various sensory systems. In addition, it is well documented 50 that the TLN represents a homotypic granular, six-layered associative neocortex comparable in its 51 cytoarchitecture with primary sensory cortices but different to heterotypic agranular motor cortex (von 52 Economo and Koskinas 1925;Vogt 2009;Zilles et al. 2015, Zilles andPalomero-Gallagher 2017).The 53 growing interest in the TLN is motivated by its importance in high-order brain functions as audition, vision, 54 memory, language processing, and various multimodal associations. Moreover, the temporal lobe is also 55 involved in several neurological diseases most importantly as the area of origin and onset of temporal lobe 56 epilepsy (TLE; reviewed by Allone et al. 2017;Tai et al. 2018). TLE is the most common form of refractory 57 epilepsy characterized by recurrent, unprovoked focal seizures that may, with progressing disease, also 58 spread to other areas of the brain. Taken together, the TLN represents an important region in the normal and 59 pathologically altered brain in humans. However, relatively little is known about its neural (but see DeFelipe 60 2011; Mohan et al. 2015) and ...

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supporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Materials and Methods 583mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Composition Of Azs In L4 Excitatory Sbs In the Humentioning

confidence: 98%

“…MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA; for details see Yakoubi et al 2018). Then a zero-mean normalization 775 was performed as the parameters had different units.…”

Section: Em Tomography Of L4 Sbs In the Tln 758mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, we performed a HCA on the simplified dataset composed of the PCs, as the 778 original data were not labeled ( Fig. 8, see also Yakoubi et al 2018). 779 780…”

Section: Em Tomography Of L4 Sbs In the Tln 758mentioning

confidence: 99%

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