Quantitative susceptibility map analysis in preterm neonates with germinal matrix‐intraventricular hemorrhage

Tortora, Domenico; Severino, Mariasavina; Sedlacik, Jan; Toselli, Benedetta; Malova, Mariya; Parodi, Alessandro; Morana, Giovanni; Fato, Marco; Ramenghi, Luca A.; Rossi, Andrea

doi:10.1002/jmri.26163

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Recently, it has been demonstrated that early procedural pain induces a greater release of glutamate, since NMDA receptors involved in the transmission of pain signals are more active during early life (Vinall and Grunau, 2014). Excessive release of glutamate may thus determine further trigger to both oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in the premature neonatal brain (Panfoli et al, 2018), that may arrest the development of subplate neurons and preoligodendrocytes, which are particularly vulnerable to reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, and cytokines secreted by microglia (Back et al, 1998; Haynes et al, 2003; Slater et al, 2012; Panfoli et al, 2018; Tortora et al, 2018a, b). Taken together, these data suggest that repeated exposure to neonatal procedural pain is associated with alterations of both neuronal structure and function with potential relevant consequences onto neurodevelopmental outcome (Boardman et al, 2010; Chau et al, 2013; Duerden et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Pain Exposure Influences Functional Brain Connectivity in Very Preterm Neonates

et al. 2019

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Background Early exposure to nociceptive events may cause brain structural alterations in preterm neonates, with long-lasting consequences on neurodevelopmental outcome. Little is known on the extent to which early pain may affect brain connectivity. We aim to evaluate brain functional connectivity changes in preterm neonate that underwent multiple invasive procedures during the postnatal period, and to correlate them with the neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months. Methods In this prospective case-control study, we collected information about exposure to painful events during the early postnatal period and resting-state BOLD-fMRI data at term equivalent age from two groups of preterm neonate: 33 subjected to painful procedures during the neonatal intensive care (mean gestational age 27.9 ± 1.8 weeks) and 13 who did not require invasive procedures (average gestational age 31.2 ± 2.1 weeks). A data-driven principal-component-based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to investigate the effect of early pain exposure on brain functional connectivity, and the relationship between connectivity changes and neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months, assessed with Griffiths, Developmental Scale-Revised: 0–2. Results Early pain was associated with decreased functional connectivity between thalami and bilateral somatosensory cortex, and between the right insular cortex and ipsilateral amygdala and hippocampal regions, with a more evident effect in preterm neonate undergoing more invasive procedures. Functional connectivity of the right thalamocortical pathway was related to neuromotor outcome at 24 months ( P = 0.003). Conclusion Early exposure to pain is associated with abnormal functional connectivity of developing networks involved in the modulation of noxious stimuli in preterm neonate, contributing to the neurodevelopmental consequence of preterm birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Pain Exposure Influences Functional Brain Connectivity in Very Preterm Neonates

et al. 2019

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“…Besides, the susceptibility values decrease gradually with age in the CSF, and with the myelination degree of WM bundles, following a posterior–anterior spatial and temporal pattern 131 . QSM has also been used in preterm infants with germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in order to better characterize the lesion extent 133 . At TEA, infants with severe IVH show higher susceptibility values (ie, paramagnetic susceptibility changes) than controls in normal‐appearing WM regions (eg, centrum semiovale, temporal and parietal WM).…”

Section: Other Quantitative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At TEA, infants with severe IVH show higher susceptibility values (ie, paramagnetic susceptibility changes) than controls in normal‐appearing WM regions (eg, centrum semiovale, temporal and parietal WM). This is likely related to the accumulation of hemosiderin/ferritin iron secondary to the diffusion of extracellular hemoglobin from the ventricles into the WM 133 . Susceptibility‐weighted MRI has also been used to characterize punctate WM lesions and cerebellar hemorrhages in infants 134–137 …”

Section: Other Quantitative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI of the Neonatal Brain: A Review of Methodological Challenges and Neuroscientific Advances

Dubois

Alison

Counsell

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

117

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In recent years, exploration of the developing brain has become a major focus for researchers and clinicians in an attempt to understand what allows children to acquire amazing and unique abilities, as well as the impact of early disruptions (eg, prematurity, neonatal insults) that can lead to a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders. Noninvasive neuroimaging methods such as MRI are essential to establish links between the brain and behavioral changes in newborns and infants. In this review article, we aim to highlight recent and representative studies using the various techniques available: anatomical MRI, quantitative MRI (relaxometry, diffusion MRI), multiparametric approaches, and functional MRI. Today, protocols use 1.5 or 3T MRI scanners, and specialized methodologies have been put in place for data acquisition and processing to address the methodological challenges specific to this population, such as sensitivity to motion. MR sequences must be adapted to the brains of newborns and infants to obtain relevant good soft‐tissue contrast, given the small size of the cerebral structures and the incomplete maturation of tissues. The use of age‐specific image postprocessing tools is also essential, as signal and contrast differ from the adult brain. Appropriate methodologies then make it possible to explore multiple neurodevelopmental mechanisms in a precise way, and assess changes with age or differences between groups of subjects, particularly through large‐scale projects. Although MRI measurements only indirectly reflect the complex series of dynamic processes observed throughout development at the molecular and cellular levels, this technique can provide information on brain morphology, structural connectivity, microstructural properties of gray and white matter, and on the functional architecture. Finally, MRI measures related to clinical, behavioral, and electrophysiological markers have a key role to play from a diagnostic and prognostic perspective in the implementation of early interventions to avoid long‐term disabilities in children. Evidence Level 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1

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“…Along similar lines, "normal appearing" white matter in preterm infants with severe GM-IVH, at term equivalent age, showed paramagnetic (positive magnetic) susceptibility, likely due to diffusion of iron into the periventricular white matter [71]. This radiological finding may be employed as an innovative methodology for future research focusing on the spatial impact of iron deposition on long-term neurological consequences.…”

Section: Iron In the Manifestation Of Phhmentioning

confidence: 63%

Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Current Concepts and Future Direction

Sood¹,

Gulati²

2022

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage -Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a bleed of multifactorial etiology involving the highly vascular and delicate neuro-glial precursors in the developing brain. It poses a challenging complication in preterm newborns. This chapter provides a focused discussion on the current concepts in pathogenesis, management, and complications of IVH. The radiological findings at diagnosis and follow-up and the cytological features of CSF will be valuable to both frontline and diagnostic healthcare providers. The chapter also reviews the ongoing scientific development in the field. The authors believe that this chapter will be a valuable tool for all healthcare providers (students, physicians, and in nursing care) in managing this challenging condition.

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Quantitative susceptibility map analysis in preterm neonates with germinal matrix‐intraventricular hemorrhage

Abstract: 4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1199-1207.

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Early Pain Exposure Influences Functional Brain Connectivity in Very Preterm Neonates

Early Pain Exposure Influences Functional Brain Connectivity in Very Preterm Neonates

MRI of the Neonatal Brain: A Review of Methodological Challenges and Neuroscientific Advances

Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Current Concepts and Future Direction

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