Quantitative Seismic Geomorphology of Pliocene and Miocene Fluvial Systems in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A.

Wood, Lesli J.

doi:10.2110/jsr.2007.068

Cited by 78 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, there are very few ancient outcrop examples in which plan-view geometry of channel-belt deposits can be observed directly (Hilton 2013;Ielpi and Ghinassi 2014). Recent 3D seismic examples provide plan-view images of the geomorphology of channels and channel belts, from which channel migration patterns can be inferred (e.g., Zeng and Hentz 2004;Wood 2007;Reijenstein et al 2011) but these seismic examples typically lack data on facies, grain-size variation, paleocurrent variability, and detailed cross-sectional facies architecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleohydrology and 3D Facies Architecture of Ancient Point Bars, Ferron Sandstone, Notom Delta, South-Central Utah, U.S.A

Wu¹,

Bhattacharya²,

Ullah³

2015

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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Most outcrops of fluvial deposits consist of a series of cliff exposures, either natural or manmade (e.g., roadcuts). Predictions, and especially observation of plan-form geometry, such as might be made with numerical experiments or from studies of modern rivers, are challenging to test in most ancient outcrops. This study examines ancient exhumed channel belts from the Cretaceous Notom Delta of the Ferron Sandstone Member in south-central Utah. Extensive plan-view exposures with local vertical cliff exposures allowed documentation of channel plan-form, channel-belt dimension, bar migration patterns (translation versus expansion), and cross-sectional facies architecture. Channel-fill thickness and bedding structure, documented from the cliff exposures, were used in paleohydraulic reconstructions. Approximately 270 paleocurrent directions were integrated with grain-size measurements to reconstruct the 3D facies architecture. Paleocurrent measurements are consistent within specific facies architectural units (such as unit bars) and show systematic variation at the channel-belt scale that can be used to infer channel and bar migration patterns. In this example, the migration pattern of the single-thread channel bend was interpreted to change from expansion to translation with a corresponding bend sinuosity that increased from 1.01 to 1.44. Inclined large-scale foresets are interpreted to be indicative of unit bars. Empirical equations result in estimated average channel depths from 1.7 m to 3.6 m with corresponding widths of 23 m to 89 m respectively. These empirical estimates match the dimensions measured in the field. For example, channel widths of around 50 m were measured from abandoned channel fills. Bar thickness, measured from vertical outcrops, ranges from 5.4 m to 6.3 m, which yields a narrower estimate of channel width ranging from 47 to 59 m. Integration of sediment size, bedforms type, and channel depth were used to estimate the discharge of the river, which is on the order of , 400 m 3 /s. This suggests that the Ferron deltas were characterized by small, steep-gradient ''dirty'' rivers, which is consistent with the hyperpycnal nature of linked downstream deltaic systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleohydrology and 3D Facies Architecture of Ancient Point Bars, Ferron Sandstone, Notom Delta, South-Central Utah, U.S.A

Wu¹,

Bhattacharya²,

Ullah³

2015

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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“…For a more complete presentation of the seismic facies definition, see e.g. Cross and Lessenger (1988), Doliguez et al (2003), Gao (2007), Isler et al (2008), Miall (2006), Mitchum et al (1977), Moulière et al (1996), Tezcan and Okyar (2006), Wood (2007), Zecchin et al (2008), Zeng and Hentz (2004): -reflection configuration is the pattern formed by groups of reflections within the seismic facies. Reflection configurations reveal stratification patterns from which depositional processes and depositional topography can be inferred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Non-Stationary Seismic Facies Distribution in a Prograding Shelf Environment

Chihi

Marsily

2009

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Simulation de la distribution de faciès sismiques non stationnaires dans un environnement de plate-forme progradante -Un réseau dense de profils sismiques du delta sousmarin du Rhône en Méditerranée est utilisé pour construire un modèle stochastique d'un environnement de dépôt de plate-forme progradante, analogue à un réservoir pétrolier. L'altitude des limites supérieures et inférieures des unités sédimentaires est tout d'abord estimée par pointage sur les profils sismiques. La géométrie complète dans l'espace des enveloppes des sept unités stratigraphiques identifiées est ensuite estimée par une méthode géostatistique non stationnaire, après l'inférence de leurs fonctions de covariance généralisée par la méthode des incréments. Un modèle architectural complet en 3-D est alors construit en remplissant l'espace compris entre ces enveloppes par la simulation stochastique de la répartition des faciès internes. Ces faciès sont définis par leur signature sismique, caractérisée par la configuration du signal réfléchi, sa continuité et son amplitude. Le programme géostatistique HERESIM est utilisé en mode non stationnaire pour analyser puis simuler la variabilité verticale et horizontale des faciès sismiques. Cette variabilité verticale est mesurée pour chaque unité par une courbe de proportion verticale, tandis que la variabilité horizontale est analysée par les variogrammes horizontaux de faciès, qui mesurent la fonction d'autocorrélation d'un faciès donné en fonction de la distance. Les autres paramètres du modèle HERESIM sont calés pour reproduire les données sismiques observées sur les profils. Les résultats des simulations stochastiques sont utilisés pour interpréter les mécanismes de dépôt, d'érosion et de déformation tectonique qui ont construit cet environnement de plate-forme. Abstract -Simulating Non-Stationary Seismic Facies Distribution in a Prograding Shelf Environment -A dense array of high-resolution seismic profiles of the underwater Rhone River delta in the Mediterranean Sea is used as the only input for developing a stochastic model of an analogue of an oil reservoir in a prograding

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“…These surfaces were used to generate interval isochore maps which are used to infer the spatial and temporal changes in accommodation on the hanging wall dipslope. Seismic geomorphology, a technique utilizing seismic wavelet patterns and pattern distribution to map depositional morphology in a basin is an excellent method to supplement core and log-based interpretations of depositional environments (e.g., Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Wood, 2007;Zeng et al, 2011). Seismic geomorphology, a technique utilizing seismic wavelet patterns and pattern distribution to map depositional morphology in a basin is an excellent method to supplement core and log-based interpretations of depositional environments (e.g., Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Wood, 2007;Zeng et al, 2011).…”

Section: Data Set and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seismic geomorphologic interpretation of amplitude maps was carried out based on the interpretation of amplitude character and distribution, then calibrated to lithology and facies association data from well data (Figure 2a). Geomorphologic patterns are mapped on multiple slices to delineate features (Wood, 2007). In this study, the Es2 and Es1 intervals were proportionally sliced and root mean square (RMS) amplitude attributes were extracted over a window of 3 ms around each slice.…”

Section: Data Set and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of drainage, sediment‐flux and fluvio‐deltaic sedimentary systems response in hanging wall depocentres in evolving non‐marine rift basins: Paleogene of Raoyang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China

et al. 2019

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The dynamics of sediment feeding into rift basins and the geomorphologic nature of source areas are critical elements in understanding the evolution of rifted basins. This study integrates seismic, well and geochronologic data on the western dipslope of the Raoyang Sag, a rift associated sub-basin to the larger Bohai Bay Basin of China to define the history of drainage development for the basin and to assess the sedimentologic response to drainage evolution events. In the Paleogene-age Lixian Slope, as indicated by paleo-drainage configuration, progradational seismic geometries, compositional maturity and zircon-tourmaline-rutile maturity index trends, three drainages; the paleo-Daqing River, paleo-Tang River and paleo-Dasha River drainages were feeding three closely spaced hanging wall deltaic depositional systems; Delta A fed from the northwest, Delta B fed from the west and Delta C fed from the southwest, respectively. From the late Eocene to early Oligocene, a decrease in sedimentflux into the hanging wall is documented and petrographic analysis is used to link these changes to stream-capture in the upstream catchment of the Daqing River. This change is coupled with morphologic changes in the geometries of Deltas A and C, both of which show decreasing deltaic areas, changes in lobe geometry and changes in distributary channel sizes. In addition, the progradational direction of Delta C changes from perpendicular-to-the-rift axis to prograding oblique-to-the-rift axis. It is apparent that the progradation and retrogradational changes in rift margin deltas do not happen in isolation, but such changes can affect growth and progradation direction in adjacent deltas. This work shows that the decrease in sediment-flux, caused by a drainage capture, will result in a decrease in distributary channel size and delta size and may result in upstream deltas taking advantage of such decreasing confinement to prograde more obliquely to the rift axis. K E Y W O R D SBohai Bay Basin, morphology, rift basin, sediment-flux, transverse delta, zircon | 117 EAGE CHEN Et al. Highlights • Headward incision, stream capture or drainage diversion are drivers of sediment flux change to the Lixian slope, Raoyang Sag. • Temporal changes in channel morphometrics and energy can be coupled with petrographic observations to map a basin's sediment flux history. • Transverse deltas entering a rift interact, influencing each other's size and progradation directions. 118 | EAGE CHEN Et al. | 119 EAGE CHEN Et al. 120 | EAGE CHEN Et al. F I G U R E 3A generalized stratigraphic column that shows the lithostratigraphic series and the rift stages, along with seismic-well ties and sedimentary facies for the G28 well. The column of lithology and depositional facies in the left side are modified after Zhang and Yin (2005) and Chen et al. (2017), and the geological time is after Ryder et al. (2012). The study interval includes the Paleogene Es2 and Es1 which are expanded on the right side of the diagram, showing detailed lithology, facies, sub-facies and g...

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Quantitative Seismic Geomorphology of Pliocene and Miocene Fluvial Systems in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A.

Cited by 78 publications

References 33 publications

Paleohydrology and 3D Facies Architecture of Ancient Point Bars, Ferron Sandstone, Notom Delta, South-Central Utah, U.S.A

Paleohydrology and 3D Facies Architecture of Ancient Point Bars, Ferron Sandstone, Notom Delta, South-Central Utah, U.S.A

Simulating Non-Stationary Seismic Facies Distribution in a Prograding Shelf Environment

Evolution of drainage, sediment‐flux and fluvio‐deltaic sedimentary systems response in hanging wall depocentres in evolving non‐marine rift basins: Paleogene of Raoyang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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