Quantitative rotating frame relaxometry methods in MRI

Gilani, Irtiza; Sepponen, Raimo

doi:10.1002/nbm.3518

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Recently a new MR-technique using T 1 mapping to image water-bounded content in upper limb muscles was proposed [10]. T 1 mapping is sensitive to low-frequency interactions [11], related to the chemical exchange between extracellular water (unbound water) and macromolecules (bound water) [12]. T 1 mapping allows an indirect quantification of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, and has been used to quantify proteoglycan content in cartilage [12], muscle [13], and intervertebral discs [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T1ρ-Mapping for Musculoskeletal Pain Diagnosis: Case Series of Variation of Water Bound Glycosaminoglycans Quantification before and after Fascial Manipulation® in Subjects with Elbow Pain

Menon

Oswald²,

Raghavan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Diagnosis and management of musculoskeletal pain is a major clinical challenge. Following this need, the first aim of our study was to provide an innovative magnetic resonance technique called T1ρ to quantify possible alterations in elbow pain, a common musculoskeletal pain syndrome that has not a clear etiology. Five patients were recruited presenting chronic elbow pain (>3 months), with an age between 30 and 70 years old. Patients underwent two T1ρ-mapping evaluations, one before and one after the series of Fascial Manipulation® (FM) treatments. After the first MRI evaluation, a Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was administered to quantify the symptoms and pain intensity. Patients then received three sessions of FM, once a week for 40 min each. A statistically significant difference was found between bound and unbound water concentration before and after FM treatment. Our preliminary data suggest that the application of the manual method seems to decrease the concentration of unbound water inside the deep fascia in the most chronic patients. This could explain the change in viscosity perceived by many practitioners as well as the decrease of symptoms due to the restoration of the normal property of the loose connective tissue. Being able to identify an altered deep fascial area may better guide therapies, contributing to a more nuanced view of the mechanisms of pain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T1ρ-Mapping for Musculoskeletal Pain Diagnosis: Case Series of Variation of Water Bound Glycosaminoglycans Quantification before and after Fascial Manipulation® in Subjects with Elbow Pain

Menon

Oswald²,

Raghavan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Measurement of the spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame, known as T 1ρ (or R 1ρ = 1/T 1ρ ), is reportedly a promising noninvasive diagnostic imaging approach for various human diseases. 19 R 1ρ relaxation is sensitive to molecular interactions including dipolar interactions, chemical exchange, and MT, which makes it a feasible probe of the tissue biochemical properties. An analytical solution of the contribution from the MT effect to R 1ρ relaxation was recently reported by Zaiss et al 20 The magnetization evolution derived by Zaiss et al is consistent with that derived from the pulsed MT model by Portnoy and Stanisz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular proton fraction mapping based on spin‐lock magnetic resonance imaging

Hou

Wong

Jiang

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Purpose In MRI, the macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) is a key parameter of magnetization transfer (MT). It represents the relative amount of immobile protons associated with semi‐solid macromolecules involved in MT with free water protons. We aim to quantify MPF based on spin‐lock MRI and explore its advantages over the existing MPF‐mapping methods. Methods In the proposed method, termed MPF quantification based on spin‐lock (MPF‐SL), off‐resonance spin‐lock is used to sensitively measure the MT effect. MPF‐SL is designed to measure a relaxation rate (Rmpfsl) that is specific to the MT effect by removing the R1ρ relaxation due to the mobile water and chemical exchange pools. A theory is derived to quantify MPF from the measured Rmpfsl. No prior knowledge of tissue relaxation parameters, including T1 or T2, is needed to quantify MPF using MPF‐SL. The proposed approach is validated with Bloch‐McConnell simulations, phantom, and in vivo liver studies at 3.0T. Results Both Bloch‐McConnell simulations and phantom experiments show that MPF‐SL is insensitive to variations of the mobile water pool and the chemical exchange pool. MPF‐SL is specific to the MT effect and can measure MPF reliably. In vivo liver studies show that MPF‐SL can be used to detect collagen deposition in patients with liver fibrosis. Conclusion A novel MPF imaging method based on spin‐lock MRI is proposed. The confounding factors are removed, and the measurement is specific to the MT effect. It holds promise for MPF‐sensitive diagnostic imaging in clinical settings.

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“…Thus, T1r and other relaxation times may be useful to help detect early ischemic injury to the bone, marrow, and cartilage of the growing femoral head. T1r and the related rotating frame methods, adiabatic T1r and RAFF, are of interest because they are sensitive to molecular interactions that are not detectable by using laboratory frame approaches (24). Whereas conventional T1, T2, and T2* are sensitive to fast molecular interactions (on the order of megahertz, corresponding to the Larmor frequency), rotating frame methods use spin-lock radiofrequency pulses (ie, small magnetic fields) to probe slower molecular interactions (on the order of 10 Hz to 10 kHz) such as chemical exchange (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T1r and the related rotating frame methods, adiabatic T1r and RAFF, are of interest because they are sensitive to molecular interactions that are not detectable by using laboratory frame approaches (24). Whereas conventional T1, T2, and T2* are sensitive to fast molecular interactions (on the order of megahertz, corresponding to the Larmor frequency), rotating frame methods use spin-lock radiofrequency pulses (ie, small magnetic fields) to probe slower molecular interactions (on the order of 10 Hz to 10 kHz) such as chemical exchange (24). Each rotating frame method probes a different range of slow molecular interactions (25), thus each may have a different sensitivity to tissue changes in response to ischemic injury.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative MRI Helps to Detect Hip Ischemia: Preclinical Model of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

et al. 2018

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Purpose To determine whether quantitative MRI relaxation time mapping techniques can help to detect ischemic injury to the developing femoral head. Materials and Methods For this prospective animal study conducted from November 2015 to February 2018, 10 male 6-week-old piglets underwent an operation to induce complete right femoral head ischemia. Animals were humanely killed at 48 hours (n = 2) or 4 weeks (n = 8) after the operation, and the operated and contralateral-control femoral heads were harvested and frozen. Thawed specimens were imaged at 9.4-T MRI by using T1, T2, T1 in the rotating frame (T1ρ), adiabatic T1ρ, relaxation along a fictitious field (RAFF), and T2* mapping and evaluated with histologic analysis. Paired relaxation time differences between the operated and control femoral heads were measured in the secondary ossification center (SOC), epiphyseal cartilage, articular cartilage, and metaphysis and were analyzed by using a paired t test. Results In the SOC, T1ρ and RAFF had the greatest percent increases in the operated versus control femoral heads at both 48 hours (112% and 72%, respectively) and 4 weeks (74% and 70%, respectively). In the epiphyseal and articular cartilage, T2, T1ρ, and RAFF were similarly increased at both points (range, 24%-49%). At 4 weeks, T2, T1ρ, adiabatic T1ρ, and RAFF were increased in the SOC (P = .004, .018, < .001, and .001, respectively), epiphyseal cartilage (P = .009, .008, .011, and .007, respectively), and articular cartilage (P = .005, .016, .033, and .018, respectively). Histologic assessment identified necrosis in SOC and deep layer of the epiphyseal cartilage at both points. Conclusion T2, T1 in the rotating frame, adiabatic T1 in the rotating frame, and relaxation along a fictitious field maps are sensitive in helping to detect ischemic injury to the developing femoral head. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

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Quantitative rotating frame relaxometry methods in MRI

Cited by 47 publications

References 112 publications

T1ρ-Mapping for Musculoskeletal Pain Diagnosis: Case Series of Variation of Water Bound Glycosaminoglycans Quantification before and after Fascial Manipulation® in Subjects with Elbow Pain

T1ρ-Mapping for Musculoskeletal Pain Diagnosis: Case Series of Variation of Water Bound Glycosaminoglycans Quantification before and after Fascial Manipulation® in Subjects with Elbow Pain

Macromolecular proton fraction mapping based on spin‐lock magnetic resonance imaging

Quantitative MRI Helps to Detect Hip Ischemia: Preclinical Model of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

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