Quantitative review of antibody response to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines

Seidman, Jessica C.; Richard, Stephanie A; Viboud, Cécile; Miller, Mark A.

doi:10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00268.x

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Regarding seroconversion, high prevaccination GMT was found to be associated with a failure of long-term seroconversion. The result was in accordance with those of previous studies (18,19). However, it is not clear why this phenomenon occurs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Long-Term Immunogenicity and Safety of a Conventional Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Seo

Baek

Jacob

et al. 2015

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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cNo previous studies have assessed the persistence of immune responses in individuals with diabetes. We conducted this study to evaluate the long-term immunogenicity and safety of an influenza vaccine in type 2 diabetic subjects compared with nondiabetic controls. A randomized and controlled study was conducted at two university hospitals during the 2012-2013 influenza season. The study vaccine was a standard-dose trivalent subunit inactivated intramuscular vaccine. Serum hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibodies were measured at the time of vaccination and 1 month and 6 months after vaccination. Local and systemic reactions were recorded for 7 days. A total of 105 diabetic patients and 108 controls were included in the analysis. One month after vaccination, both the diabetic and nondiabetic groups satisfied all of the criteria of the Committee for Medical Products for Human Use (CHMP), and the immunogenicity profiles were statistically similar between the two groups. Although the vaccine was well tolerated, and all adverse reactions were mild to moderate, there was a tendency toward a reduced incidence of local reactions in the diabetic group. All values in the long-term immunogenicity profiles were statistically similar between the two groups, except for the seroprotection rate for the A/H1N1 influenza virus strain, which was significantly lower in the elderly diabetic group than that in the elderly nondiabetic group. However, in multivariate analysis, long-term immunogenicity was associated with age and prevaccination titer, regardless of diabetes status. (This study has been registered at CRIS [https://cris.nih.go .kr/cris/en/] under registration no. KCT0001423.)A lthough the available data are limited, diabetic individuals may be more susceptible to influenza infections than nondiabetic individuals (1). In addition, individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of severe influenza virus infection and its complications compared to nondiabetic persons (2-4). Such phenomena are thought to be mediated by impairments in cellular and humoral immunity, which include reduced T cell responses, decreased neutrophil function, and B cell disorders (5). For this reason, annual influenza vaccination is universally recommended for patients with diabetes.To achieve protection against influenza virus infection, vaccinations should elicit a sufficient antibody response. Many studies have shown that diabetic individuals have an immune response to influenza vaccination similar to that of healthy controls, while a few studies have reported suboptimal responses in diabetic subjects (6-12). Immunogenicity should be maintained throughout the entire seasonal epidemic; therefore, an evaluation of longterm immunogenicity is essential before the current conventional vaccination program can be recommended. However, no study has assessed long-term immunogenicity in individuals with diabetes.If the immune responses and safety profiles prove to be unsatisfactory with the conventional influenza vaccine, immunogenicity-enhancing strateg...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Long-Term Immunogenicity and Safety of a Conventional Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Seo

Baek

Jacob

et al. 2015

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…For strain B, 51% of patients with a prevaccination HA titer of less than 10 seroconverted (ie, achieved a postvaccination titer ≥40), whereas fewer patients (38%) with a prevaccination HA titer of 10 or higher seroconverted. Baseline antibody titers have been inversely associated with seroconversion previously, 14 and this same phenomenon may have occurred in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For seroconversion, the meta-analysis reported mean response rates of 58% for A/H1N1, 61% for A/H3N2, and 51% for B compared with 69% for A/H1N1, 69% for A/H3N2, and 44% for B in the present study. 14 Patients with RRMS treated with daclizumab beta experienced significant expansions of adaptive immune cells and attained the FDA criteria for seroconversion and seroprotection, although the response was slightly reduced compared with that of controls. 15 Positive responses to influenza vaccine also have been observed with other treatments for RRMS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Long-term Daclizumab Beta

Mehta¹,

Umans²,

Ozen³

et al. 2017

International Journal of MS Care

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“…Furthermore, no booster effect was apparent upon a second vaccination. A phenomenon in which the antibody titer reaches a certain level but then plateaus (negative feedback) has been reported, suggesting a risk that if the immune response is evaluated without stratification of the pretiter, the immunogenicity of the vaccine may be underestimated (26)(27)(28). The reason that this is noted more strongly in older children is that within the same pretiter of Ն1:40 category, older children had even higher pretiters.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity of the Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Young Children Less than 4 Years of Age, with a Focus on Age and Baseline Antibodies

Mugitani

Ito

Irie³

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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fIn this study, we assessed the effects of the prevaccination titer and age on the immunogenicity of a low dose of influenza vaccine in children less than 4 years of age. A total of 259 children received two vaccine doses (0.1 ml for 0-year-olds and 0.2 ml for children 1 year of age or older) 4 weeks apart during the 2005/2006 season. The hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers were measured before vaccination and 4 weeks after the first and second doses. The geometric mean titer, mean fold rise, seroresponse proportion (>4-fold rise in titer), and seroprotection proportion (titer >1:40) were calculated for the prevaccination titer and age categories. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using the seroresponse and seroprotection proportions as dependent variables and the prevaccination titer and age as explanatory variables. As for the seroresponse against the H1 antigen after the first dose, the adjusted odds ratios of the prevaccination titers (versus <1:10) were 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 5.8) at 1:10 to 1:20 and 0.14 (0.04 to 0.49) at >1:40. The corresponding figures for ages were 0.03 (0.01 to 0.07) for the 0-year-olds and 0.17 (0.08 to 0.34) for the 1-year-olds compared with the 2-to 3-year-olds (P trend < 0.001). Similar results were also obtained for the H3 and B strains. Significantly elevated odds ratios for seroprotection were observed with greater prevaccination titers and older ages for all strains. The prevaccination titer and age were independently associated with the antibody response in young children. The immune response was weaker in the younger children and those without preexisting immunity. Influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease. The rate of seasonal influenza infection is highest among children, and children less than 2 years of age are at high risk of influenza-associated hospitalization (1, 2). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices routinely recommends that children 6 months to 8 years of age receive two doses of influenza vaccine during their first season of vaccination in order to optimize the immune response (3). This recommendation is based on data showing that vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity are lower among young children treated with one dose of the vaccine, whereas two doses of vaccine provide substantial protection against influenza-like illness (ILI) (4-6) and induce a protective level of antibodies, even in young children (7-15).The factors affecting low immune responses to the influenza vaccine among children are supposed to include immature immunity function due to age, infrequency of opportunity for exposure to influenza virus through vaccination and/or infection, thus resulting in a lack of induced priming, and a low-volume dose of the vaccine. As the subjects get older, it has been reported that their prevaccination titer (pretiter) increases (16-19), but there has been very little detailed research that considered the predictive factors in the immune response (20,21).In this report, we present the immunogenicity o...

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Quantitative review of antibody response to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines

Cited by 55 publications

References 91 publications

Long-Term Immunogenicity and Safety of a Conventional Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Long-Term Immunogenicity and Safety of a Conventional Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Long-term Daclizumab Beta

Immunogenicity of the Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Young Children Less than 4 Years of Age, with a Focus on Age and Baseline Antibodies

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