Quantitative Pupillometry of the Pupillary Light Reflex in Koreans

Bak, Eunoo; Yoo, Yung Ju; Yang, Hee Kyung; Hwang, Jeong Min

doi:10.3341/jkos.2017.58.6.712

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The pupil constriction ratio was below the normal range (<20%) in one patient who had comorbid migraine, depression, and anxiety disorder. 15 The average maximal pupil constriction velocity was 5.03±0.74 mm/s (mean±SD, n =14). The peripapillary RNFL thickness measured using SD-OCT ( n =17) revealed no abnormalities, which was 95.9±7.8 µm in the global area and 77.2±12.5 µm in the temporal sector ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The pupillary light reflex—including the constriction ratio, constriction latency, and maximal pupil constriction velocity—was evaluated in detail in this study. To the best of our knowledge, this is first study to examine pupillary light reflex parameters 15 17 measured with a digital pupilometer in patients with visual snow syndrome. Comparisons with the previously reported normal values of each parameter 15 revealed that the pupillary light reflex was intact in most patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is first study to examine pupillary light reflex parameters 15 17 measured with a digital pupilometer in patients with visual snow syndrome. Comparisons with the previously reported normal values of each parameter 15 revealed that the pupillary light reflex was intact in most patients. Meanwhile, an increased pupil constriction latency and a reduced redilation amplitude were reported in migraineurs with clinically severe symptoms, 17 while the pupil constriction ratio and constriction velocity were significantly decreased in patients with major depressive disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-ophthalmologic Findings in Visual Snow Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Background and Purpose The findings of ophthalmic examinations have not been systematically investigated in visual snow syndrome. This study reviewed the abnormal neuroophthalmologic findings in a patient cohort with symptoms of visual snow syndrome. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients who were referred for symptoms of visual snow to a tertiary referral hospital from November 2016 to October 2019. We defined the findings of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field testing, pupillary light reflex, contrast sensitivity, full-field and multifocal electroretinography, and optical coherence tomography. Results Twenty patients (71%) were finally diagnosed as visual snow syndrome. Their additional visual symptoms included illusionary palinopsia (61%), enhanced entoptic phenomenon (65%), disturbance of night vision (44%), and photophobia (65%). A history of migraine was identified in ten patients (50%). The mean BCVA was less than 0.1 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, and electrophysiology showed normal retinal function in all patients. Contrast sensitivity was decreased in two of the seven patients tested. Medical treatment was applied to five patients which all turned out to be ineffective. Among the eight patients who were excluded, one was diagnosed with rod-cone dystrophy and another with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Conclusions Neuro-ophthalmologic findings are mostly normal in patients with visual snow syndrome. Retinal or neurological diseases must be excluded as possible causes of visual snow.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-ophthalmologic Findings in Visual Snow Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…across age groups. Consistent with prior work, older adults had significantly smaller pupil sizes than younger adults (Figure 9A, M older = 580.53 a.u., M younger = 893.25 a.u., t(102) = -9.30, p < .001; Bak, Yoo, Yang, & Hwang, 2017;Birren, Casperson, & Botwinick, 1950;Winn, Whitaker, Elliott, & Phillips, 1994). We also analyzed pretrial pupil dynamics across blocks.…”

Section: Pupillary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multimodal analysis of sustained attention in younger and older adults

Robison¹,

Diede²,

Nicosia³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Age-related cognitive decline has been attributed to processing speed differences, as well as differences in executive control and response inhibition. However, recent research has shown that healthy older adults have intact, if not superior, sustained attention abilities compared to younger adults. The present study used a combination of reaction time, thought probes, and pupillometry to measure sustained attention in samples of younger and older adults. The reaction time data revealed that, while slightly slower overall, older adults sustained their attention to the task better than younger adults, and did not show a vigilance decrement. Older adults also reported fewer instances of task-unrelated thoughts and reported feeling more motivated and alert than younger adults, despite finding the task more demanding. Additionally, older adults showed larger, albeit later-peaking, task-evoked pupillary responses, corroborating the behavioral and self-report data. Finally, older adults did not show a shallowing of task-evoked pupillary responses across time, corroborating the finding that their reaction times also did not change across time. The present findings are interpreted in light of processing speed theory, resource-depletion theories of vigilance, and recent neurological theories of cognitive aging.

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“…3.4.3) 36 and related packages, including geepack 37 , emmeans 38 , doBy 39 , and pROC 40 package. Generalized estimating equation models accounting for sex 41 , age 42 , presence of diabetes mellitus 43 and within-patient intereye correlations were used to examine correlations and associations between variables 37 , 44 . One-way analysis of variance was performed to determine if there was a statistically significant difference among the PLR of the EON, non-EON, and control groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupillary light reflex in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

Yoo

Hwang

Yang

2020

Sci Rep

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We evaluated changes in the pupillary light reflex (PLR) of ethambutol (EMB)-induced optic neuropathy and analyzed the correlations between PLR parameters and other structural changes in EMB-induced optic neuropathy. This retrospective, observational, case–control study involved thirty-two eyes of 17 patients with EMB-induced optic neuropathy (EON group), sixty eyes of 60 patients without EMB-induced optic neuropathy (non-EON group) while taking ethambutol, and forty-five eyes of 45 normal controls. PLR was measured by digital pupillometry. The clinical characteristics, optical coherence tomography measurements and PLR parameters including pupil diameter, constriction latency, constriction ratio/velocity, and dilation velocity were noted. The differences in PLR measurements were compared among the three groups. Correlations between PLR parameters and other structural parameters in EMB-induced optic neuropathy were evaluated. The pupillary constriction ratio, constriction and dilation velocities were significantly reduced in the EON group compared to the non-EON group and controls (all P < 0.05). In EMB-induced optic neuropathy, average outer macular ganglion cell layer (mGCL) thickness showed a significant correlation with the pupillary constriction ratio (ß = 4.14, P = 0.003) and maximal constriction velocity (ß = 1.08, P < 0.001). This study confirmed that pupillary constriction and dilation velocities were significantly decreased in patients with EMB-induced optic neuropathy, compared to normal controls. Digital pupillometry may be a useful tool in the evaluation of EMB-induced optic neuropathy.

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Quantitative Pupillometry of the Pupillary Light Reflex in Koreans

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Neuro-ophthalmologic Findings in Visual Snow Syndrome

Neuro-ophthalmologic Findings in Visual Snow Syndrome

A multimodal analysis of sustained attention in younger and older adults

Pupillary light reflex in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

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