Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Beneficial Effects of Low Glucose on Neuronal Cell Survival in an in vitro Ischemic Penumbral Model

Abstract

Understanding proteomic changes in the ischemic penumbra are crucial to rescue those salvageable cells and reduce the damage of an ischemic stroke. Since the penumbra region is dynamic with heterogeneous cells/tissues, tissue sampling from animal models of stroke for the molecular study is a challenge. In this study, cultured hippocampal HT22 cells under hypoxia treatment for 17.5 h with 0.69 mM low glucose (H+LG) could mimic ischemic penumbral cells since they had much higher cell viability and viable cell number compared to hypoxia without glucose (H−G) treatment. To validate established cell-based ischemic penumbral model and understand the beneficial effects of low glucose (LG), quantitative proteomics analysis was performed on H+LG, H−G, and normoxia with normal 22 mM glucose (N+G) treated cells. We identified 427 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between H−G and N+G and further identified 105 DAPs between H+LG and H−G. Analysis of 105 DAPs revealed that LG promotes cell survival by activating HIF1α to enhance glycolysis; preventing the dysregulations of extracellular matrix remodeling, cell cycle and division, and antioxidant and detoxification; as well as attenuating inflammatory reaction response, protein synthesis and neurotransmission activity. Our results demonstrated that this established cell-based system could mimic penumbral conditions and can be used for molecular studies.

miR-92b-3p Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cerebral Injury via Targeting NOX4 in a Rat Model

“…Ischemic stroke is mainly due to insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by cerebral artery occlusion, resulting in local cerebral tissue ischemia and hypoxia. Neuronal cells in the brain tissue exhibit energy or ion pump obstacles [ 4 – 6 ] and rapidly develop reversible or irreversible neuronal damage; therefore, subsequent reperfusion of acute ischemic stroke is essential for neuronal cell rescue [ 7 ]. However, experimental and clinical evidence has shown that restoration of perfusion, the contradiction of increased damage in the short term, often leads to reperfusion injury [ 8 – 14 ].…”