Quantitative proteomics reveals divergent responses in Apis mellifera worker and drone pupae to parasitization by Varroa destructor

Surlis, Carla; Carolan, James C.; Coffey, Mary F.; Kavanagh, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.004

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A smaller set of 37 genes with high A ancestry have signatures of selection on both continents. For these, we searched the literature and found that two have been associated with Varroa in previous studies: a myoneurin (LOC725494) that is overexpressed in the brains of Varroa infected worker bees compared to Nosema infected bees and controls [ 77 ] and an uncharacterized protein (LOC725683) that is over-expressed in parasitized drones compared to non-parasitized drones [ 78 ]. While these are potentially intriguing candidates for selection, Varroa is only one of many possible selective pressures, and more work is needed to link the signals of selection we find here to adaptive functions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

et al. 2020

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Recent biological invasions offer ‘natural’ laboratories to understand the genetics and ecology of adaptation, hybridization, and range limits. One of the most impressive and well-documented biological invasions of the 20th century began in 1957 when Apis mellifera scutellata honey bees swarmed out of managed experimental colonies in Brazil. This newly-imported subspecies, native to southern and eastern Africa, both hybridized with and out-competed previously-introduced European honey bee subspecies. Populations of scutellata -European hybrid honey bees rapidly expanded and spread across much of the Americas in less than 50 years. We use broad geographic sampling and whole genome sequencing of over 300 bees to map the distribution of scutellata ancestry where the northern and southern invasions have presently stalled, forming replicated hybrid zones with European bee populations in California and Argentina. California is much farther from Brazil, yet these hybrid zones occur at very similar latitudes, consistent with the invasion having reached a climate barrier. At these range limits, we observe genome-wide clines for scutellata ancestry, and parallel clines for wing length that span hundreds of kilometers, supporting a smooth transition from climates favoring scutellata -European hybrid bees to climates where they cannot survive winter. We find no large effect loci maintaining exceptionally steep ancestry transitions. Instead, we find most individual loci have concordant ancestry clines across South America, with a build-up of somewhat steeper clines in regions of the genome with low recombination rates, consistent with many loci of small effect contributing to climate-associated fitness trade-offs. Additionally, we find no substantial reductions in genetic diversity associated with rapid expansions nor complete dropout of scutellata ancestry at any individual loci on either continent, which suggests that the competitive fitness advantage of scutellata ancestry at lower latitudes has a polygenic basis and that scutellata -European hybrid bees maintained large population sizes during their invasion. To test for parallel selection across continents, we develop a null model that accounts for drift in ancestry frequencies during the rapid expansion. We identify several peaks within a larger genomic region where selection has pushed scutellata ancestry to high frequency hundreds of kilometers past the present cline centers in both North and South America and that may underlie high-fitness traits driving the invasion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, parasited bees have a lower sugar responsiveness and a faster habituation to olfactory stimulation [52]. Moreover, Varroa provokes the down-regulation of immune gene expression in emerging infested adults [45], as well as proteomic changes in the honey bee's immune response [53][54][55]. It disrupts the bee's immune response by interfering in the cascade immune response [56].…”

Section: What Can It Do?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Varroa destructor: how does it harm Apis mellifera honey bees and what can be done about it?

Noël

Conte

Mondet

2020

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

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Since its migration from the Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) to the European honey bee (Apis mellifera), the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor has emerged as a major issue for beekeeping worldwide. Due to a short history of coevolution, the host–parasite relationship between A. mellifera and V. destructor is unbalanced, with honey bees suffering infestation effects at the individual, colony and population levels. Several control solutions have been developed to tackle the colony and production losses due to Varroa, but the burden caused by the mite in combination with other biotic and abiotic factors continues to increase, weakening the beekeeping industry. In this synthetic review, we highlight the main advances made between 2015 and 2020 on V. destructor biology and its impact on the health of the honey bee, A. mellifera. We also describe the main control solutions that are currently available to fight the mite and place a special focus on new methodological developments, which point to integrated pest management strategies for the control of Varroa in honey bee colonies.

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“…A smaller set of 37 genes with high A ancestry have signatures of selection on both continents. For these, we searched the literature and found that two have been associated with Varroa in previous studies: a myoneurin (LOC725494) that is overexpressed in the brains of Varroa infected worker bees compared to Nosema infected bees and controls [77] and an uncharacterized protein (LOC725683) that is over-expressed in parasitized drones compared to non-parasitized drones [78]. While these are potentially intriguing candidates for selection, Varroa is only one of many possible selective pressures, and more work is needed to link the signals of selection we find here to adaptive functions.…”

Section: Scan For Ancestry-associated Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

Calfee

Agra

Palacio

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractRecent biological invasions offer ‘natural’ laboratories to understand the genetics and ecology of adaptation, hybridization, and range limits. One of the most impressive and well-documented biological invasions of the 20th century began in Brazil with the escape of introduced African honey bees (Apis mellifera scutellata) in 1957. In less than 50 years, populations of ‘Africanized’ honey bees spread across much of the Americas, hybridizing with and outcompeting resident European honey bees. We use broad geographic sampling and whole genome sequencing of over 300 bees to map the distribution of African ancestry where the northern and southern invasions have presently stalled, forming replicated hybrid zones between Africanized and European bees in California and Argentina. California is much farther from Brazil, yet these hybrid zones occur at very similar latitudes, consistent with the invasion having reached a climate barrier. At these range limits, we observe genome-wide clines for African ancestry, and parallel clines for wing length that span hundreds of kilometers, supporting a smooth transition from climates favoring Africanized bees to climates where they cannot survive winter. We find no large effect loci maintaining exceptionally steep ancestry transitions. Instead, we find most individual loci have concordant ancestry clines across South America, with a build-up of somewhat steeper clines in regions of the genome with low recombination rates, consistent with many loci of small effect contributing to climate-associated fitness trade-offs. Additionally, we find no substantial reductions in genetic diversity associated with rapid expansions nor complete dropout of African ancestry at any individual loci on either continent, which suggests that the competitive fitness advantage of African ancestry at lower latitudes has a polygenic basis and that Africanized bees maintained large population sizes during their invasion. To test for parallel selection across continents, we develop a null model that accounts for drift in ancestry frequencies during the rapid expansion. We identify several peaks within a larger genomic region where selection has pushed African ancestry to high frequency hundreds of kilometers past the present cline centers in both North and South America and that may underlie high-fitness African traits driving the invasion.Author SummaryCrop pollination around the world relies on local honey bee populations, which vary in their behaviors and climatic ranges. Africanized honey bees (‘killer bees’) have been some of the most widely successful; originating in a 1950s experimental breeding program in Brazil, they rapidly came to dominate across most of the Americas. As a recent genetic mixture of imported African bees and European subspecies, Africanized honey bees have a patchwork of ancestry across their genomes, which we leverage to identify loci with an excess of African or European ancestry due to selection. We additionally use the natural replication in this invasion to compare outcomes between North and South America (California and Argentina). We identify several genomic regions with exceptionally high African ancestry across continents and that may underlie favored Africanized bee traits (e.g. Varroa mite resistance). We find evidence that a climatic barrier has dramatically slowed the invasion at similar latitudes on both continents. African-to-European ancestry transition zones span hundreds of kilometers where bees have intermediate African ancestry proportions, which can be used to map the genetic basis of segregating traits (here, wing length), and calls into question the biological basis for binary Africanized vs. European bee classifications.

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Quantitative proteomics reveals divergent responses in Apis mellifera worker and drone pupae to parasitization by Varroa destructor

Cited by 9 publications

References 62 publications

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

Varroa destructor: how does it harm Apis mellifera honey bees and what can be done about it?

Selection and hybridization shaped the rapid spread of African honey bee ancestry in the Americas

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