Quantitative Proteomic Profile of Psoriatic Epidermis Identifies OAS2 as a Novel Biomarker for Disease Activity

Abstract

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory systemic disease. Epidermal proteins are considered to be important in maintaining skin barrier function, innate immunity, and inflammation. To define more possible roles of the epidermis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, quantified proteomic analysis was used to screen and analyze the differentially expressed epidermal proteins between 16 psoriasis patients and 15 healthy controls. Upregulated differential expression proteins (DEPs) include several significant functional protein clusters, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antiviral proteins (AVPs). The levels of 2-5-oligoadenylate synthase 2 (OAS2) in both epidermis and serum levels were significantly elevated in psoriasis and were also positively correlated with Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores and Body Surface Area (BSA) scores. Moreover, OAS2 expression in psoriatic skin significantly decreased after IL-17R mono-antibody treatment. It has been clarified that inflamed keratinocytes were the main source of abnormally increased OAS2 in psoriasis skin by immunofluorescence and primary cell cultures. Keratinocyte-derived OAS2 can be induced by not only IFNβ, but also psoriasis associated cytokines like IL-17A and IL-6. This study revealed that AMPs and AVPs are two important functional protein clusters altering innate immune in psoriatic epidermis. OAS2 is a novel potential sensitive biomarker, which could predict the severity and activity of psoriasis, and could also be used as an indicator to evaluate or monitor the efficacy of clinical treatment.

N6-Methyladenosine Methylation Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in IPEC-J2 Cells Treated With Clostridium perfringens beta2 Toxin

“…MX2 is a cytokine induced by interferon IFN-α, which resists viral infection by inhibiting the accumulation of viral nuclear DNA ( 50 , 51 ). As a new potentially sensitive biomarker, OAS2 is significantly up-regulated in psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory systemic disease, and can predict the severity and activity of the disease ( 52 ). The antiviral protein IFIT2 was found to be an important limiting factor for rabies virus, which can directly or indirectly resist virus replication ( 53 ).…”

Identification of lncRNA and mRNA Expression Profile in Relapsed Graves’ Disease

“…Numerous studies found that increased expression of NFAT5 was involved in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases ( Choi et al, 2017 ; Choi et al, 2018 ). OAS2 is a potential new sensitive biomarker, which can predict the activity and severity of psoriasis, and can evaluate the clinical treatment efficacy ( Zhou et al, 2020 ). OAS2 can also be considered as biomarker gene for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis ( Fang et al, 2021 ).…”

Psoriasis to Psoriatic Arthritis: The Application of Proteomics Technologies

“…Besides POSTN, a secreted extracellular matrix protein originally derived from the osteoblasts, was believed as a potential serum biomarker with a slightly higher concentration in PsA patients than in PsC patients ( 86 ). Another latest research using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), a labeled MS technology, found 2-5-oligoadenylate synthase levels in both serum and psoriatic epidermis that were positively correlated with the severity of psoriasis through PASI and BSA ( 87 , 88 ). As some data suggest, severe psoriasis can account for another cutaneous feature with a higher risk and prevalence of psoriatic arthropathy.…”