Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Sinapine Alleviate Macrophage Foaming

Abstract

Rapeseed polyphenols have cardiovascular protective effects. Sinapine, one main rapeseed polyphenol, possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, no research has been published about the role of sinapine in alleviating macrophage foaming. This study aimed to reveal the macrophage foaming alleviation mechanism of sinapine by applying quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. A new approach was developed to retrieve sinapine from rapeseed meals by using hot-alcohol-reflux-assisted sonication combined with anti-solvent precipitation. The sinapine yield of the new approach was significantly higher than in traditional methods. Proteomics was performed to investigate the effects of sinapine on foam cells, and it showed that sinapine can alleviate foam cell formation. Moreover, sinapine suppressed CD36 expression, enhanced the CDC42 expression, and activated the JAK2 and the STAT3 in the foam cells. These findings suggest that the action of sinapine on foam cells inhibits cholesterol uptake, activates cholesterol efflux, and converts macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. This study confirms the abundance of sinapine in rapeseed oil by-products and elucidates the biochemical mechanisms of sinapine that alleviates macrophage foaming, which may provide new perspectives for reprocessing rapeseed oil by-products.

Enhancing nutrient digestibility and antioxidant efficacy in piglets: The impact of fermented rapeseed meal supplementation on biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers

“…The enhancement of antioxidant protection can also be ascribed to the fermentation process, which enriches rapeseed meal with bioactive compounds like vitamins, enzymes, polysaccharides, and additional polyphenols. A significant phenolic component in rapeseed meal is sinapine, which accounts for up to 80% of all phenols and is known for its robust antioxidant properties (Liu et al, 2023). The mechanism of polyphenols in antioxidative defense primarily involves scavenging reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl and superoxide radicals (Zhao et al, 2021), and chelating transition metal ions like Fe +2 , which are known to generate free oxygen radicals (Taranu et al, 2022).…”

The clinical utility of circulating cell division control 42 in small-vessel coronary artery disease patients undergoing drug-coated balloon treatment

“…The possible explanations were as follows: (1) CDC42 inhibited atherosclerosis and relieved coronary artery stenosis, thus decreasing the accumulating TLF rate [ 21 , 22 ]. (2) CDC42 not only reduced the accumulating TLF rate, but also balanced blood lipid levels and reduced inflammation, thereby further reducing the accumulating MACE rate in DCB-treated SV-CAD patients [ 25 , 27 ]. Furthermore, our study showed that CDC42 at D7 independently predicted TLF and MACE rates in DCB-treated SV-CAD patients.…”