Quantitative morphology of the equine laminar junction in relation to capsule shape in the forehoof of Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds

Thomason, J. J.; Faramarzi, Babak; Revill, Ann L.; Sears, William

doi:10.2746/042516408x313652

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Results yielded new information regarding distribuition of this laminaes in different regions of the hoof in both fore and hindlimbs Stashak & Hood (2005) verified homogeneity in morphology and distribution of primary epidermal laminae around the hoof perimeter. Contrastingly, our results showed that both in forelimbs ( Fig.2A) and hindlimbs (Fig.2B), the region of the hoof toe had a greater concentration of primary epidermal laminae, corroborating the studies of Bowker (2003), Bidwell & Bolker (2006) Lancaster et al (2007) and Thomason et al (2008). Douglas & Thomason (2000) mentioned that the hoof toe is the region with the highest stress between the hoof wall and the distal phalanx, the gradual reduction in density of primary epidermal laminae towards the hoof bulb, as observed in the present study, probably is an adaptive response to different stresses in the several regions, once under physiological situations the force imposed in the quarters region would be lower than required in the hoof toe, as well as the stress related to the hoof bulbs is lower than to the quarters.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Much of the literature consulted (Douglas & Thomason 2000, Thomason et al 2005, Lancaster et al 2007, Thomason et al 2008, Kawasako et al 2009) have analyzed only the forelimbs. Comparing forelimbs and hindlimbs, it was found no significant difference regarding the density of primary epidermal laminae, also observed by Bidwell and Bowker (2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in laminar morphology found in healthy horses cannot be considered normal or pathological, since it is not known how these findings represent the normal range or subclinical disease manifestations (Lancaster et al 2007). In and trotters and Thoroughbred horses (Thomason et al, 2008), there is a remodeling, induced by stress, in the primary epidermal laminae, but without a complete characterization and understanding of the relationship between stress, strain and remodeling process. Redden (2003) mentioned that distortion of a component of the capsule of hoof changes all other components and adjacent tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density of primary and secondary epidermal laminae of equine hoof

et al. 2013

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Brasília, Differences in the microscopic morphology of the hoof in forelimbs and hindlimbs of horses have been scarcely reported in the literature, especially concerning the distribution of primary and secondary epidermal laminae in the different regions. This study aimed to determine the density of primary and secondary epidermal laminae in the hoof of horses. For this, it was used fore and hindlimbs of 16 adult mixed breed horses. With a cross section 0.5 cm above the sole, it was quantified the primary epidermal laminae in the regions of the toe, and of lateral and medial quarters. Fragments with about 1cm ³ were taken from the proximal, middle and distal thirds of the hooves, in the different regions, subjected to conventional histological techniques and examined with an optical microscope. Data were statistically analyzed in relation to the fore and hindlimbs and between their various regions. The density of primary epidermal laminae varied around the hoof circumference, with greater values in the hoof toe, which gradually decreased towards the bulb of the hoof, without difference between thoracic and pelvic limbs. The average density of the secondary epidermal laminae per primary epidermal lamina does not change around the circumference of the hoof. Our findings indicated that the density of epidermal laminae is not different between fore and hindlimbs. The variation in the density of primary epidermal laminae around the hoof seems to be part of an adaptive response to different stresses in each region. A better understanding of the structural morphology contributes to a better understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of disorders that affect the hoof. RESUMO.-[Densidade das lâminas epidérmicas primá-rias e secundárias nos cascos de equinos.]Diferenças na morfologia microscópica dos cascos dos membros pélvicos e torácicos dos equinos têm sido pouco relatadas na literatura, principalmente no tocante a distribuição de lâminas epidérmicas primárias e secundárias nas diversas regiões. O propósito deste estudo foi quantificar a densidade de lâminas epidérmicas primárias e secundárias no casco de equinos. Foram utilizados membros torácicos e pélvi-cos de oito equinos adultos e sem raça definida. Em uma secção transversal de aproximadamente 0,5cm de altura da sola dos cascos foi quantificada a densidade das lâmi-nas epidérmicas primárias tanto na região da pinça quanto dos quartos lateral e medial. Fragmentos com aproximadamente 1cm³ foram retirados dos terços proximal, mé-dio e distal do casco, nas diferentes regiões e submetidos a técnica histológica convencional, a densidade de lâminas epidérmicas secundárias foi quantificada com auxilio de microscópio óptico. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente em relação aos membros torácicos e pélvicos e entre suas diversas regiões. A densidade de lâminas epidérmicas primárias varia ao redor da circunferência do casco, sendo maior na região da pinça do casco e diminui gradualmente em direção ao bulbo do casco, não existindo diferença

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density of primary and secondary epidermal laminae of equine hoof

et al. 2013

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“…Since that increases of bifurcation and of length of primary and secondary epidermal laminae contribute with variations in laminar joint, it is possible to support the idea that the normal laminar apparatus is able to respond to mechanical load (Sarratt & Hood, 2005). Thomason et al (2008) have associated changes in the hoof capsule with changes in the laminar joint, suggesting a remodeling of primary epidermal laminae induced by stress. Thus, the change of one of the components of the hoof capsule alters adjacent structures, once the hoof acts as an integrated unit (Redden 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in laminar morphology found in healthy horses cannot be considered normal or pathological, since it is not known whether these findings represent the normal range or manifestations of subclinical diseases (Lancaster et al 2007). In trotter or English Thoroughbred horses (Thomason et al, 2008), is observed a primary epidermal laminae remodeling, induced by stress, but without a complete characterization of the relationship between stress or strain and remodeling process. Redden (2003) mentioned that the distortion of a component of the hoof capsule changes all other components and adjacent tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry of primary and secondary epidermal laminae in equine hoof

et al. 2014

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We studied the length of primary and secondary epidermal laminae of the toe and the lateral and medial quarters of horses, distributed into proximal, middle and distal thirds of the hooves. Eight limbs from adult crossbred horses, four females and four males, used to pull carts without pedal conditions. Fragments were taken from different regions of the hooves and subjected to conventional histological techniques. The samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and analyzed by light microscopy. The primary epidermal laminae were higher in the hooves of forelimbs compared to hindlimbs in the proximal and middle thirds and the regions of the medial quarter and toe. The secondary laminae were higher in forelimb of the middle third and medial quarter. Comparing the length of the epidermal laminae between hoof parts, it was seen that the primary laminae are lower in the proximal third and higher in the toe, while the secondary laminae are lower in the proximal third and medial quarter. The results suggested that the morphology of the laminae in the different regions of the hooves is influenced through the work performed by the animal, as well as through the different distribution of forces.

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